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  3. Three years ago, on January 13th, Rukhsar Khatun, then 15 months old, was diagnosed with polio. She now has a crippled leg and s

Three years ago, on January 13th, Rukhsar Khatun, then 15 months old, was diagnosed with polio. She now has a crippled leg and s

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问题     Three years ago, on January 13th, Rukhsar Khatun, then 15 months old, was diagnosed with polio. She now has a crippled leg and struggles to keep up with her friends. But this little girl, from a West Bengali village, can claim some fame: she is, with luck, the last Indian to be infected with the wild polio virus. Enough time has passed with no new case for India shortly to be certified as free of the pain.
    That is a big success. India’s anti-polio campaign began in 1995 with severe disadvantages. The country spends little on public health, barely 1% of GDP, and has been awful at immunising children. Too few parents know the basics of hygiene and nutrition, let alone the benefits of vaccines. India has bad sanitation, large remote populations and vast migration from village to slum.
    Yet much has gone right. The anti-polio campaign received over $3 billion, mostly from within India itself, and deployed 2.4m vaccinators. UNICEF, the World Health Organisation (WHO), Rotary International and the Gates Foundation (both charities) gave technical help. Religious leaders reassured people suspicious about vaccinations, and politicians knocked on doors to make sure children took their medicine.
    At the peak of coverage, 99.1% of the target population swallowed anti-polio drops, says Anuradha Gupta of the national health ministry. That is surprisingly high, considering that a decade ago "universal" vaccination coverage for seven preventable diseases was a pitiful 30% in Bihar, a big, poor northern state.
    India’s campaign has been successful enough for its lessons to be applied in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria, the last places with endemic polio. Vaccinators learned to attend especially to mobile populations, like seasonal workers at brick kilns, and found that many migrants are best reached not at home but in bus and railway stations.
    Good monitoring was crucial, too. In Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, vaccinators visited 60m households several times a year, says Hamid Jafari of the WHO. To compile data on receivers, some 400,000 hard-to-reach population groups were carefully tracked and plotted, down to each household. Data passed early to decision-makers, at the district-official level, allowed a quick response to new cases.
We can learn from the text that ______.
选项 A、vaccination coverage was 30% in India ten years ago
B、99.7% of Indians took anti-polio medicine at the peak
C、migrant workers in India have received care from vaccinators
D、India’s campaign has been accepted in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria
答案C
解析 本题根据题干无法定位，但是可以根据选项进行定位：选项A、B中的30％和99.7％帮助我们定位到第四段；选项D中的大写词Pakistan等帮我们定位到第五段，故可以确定该题答案来自这两个自然段。选项A对应第四段最后一句：...a decade ago“universal”vaccination coverage for seven preventable diseases was a pitiful 30％ in Bihar, a big, poor northern state. 其中，“ten years ago”=“a decade ago”，“30％”这样的数据信息也吻合，但是原文提到的地方是Bihar，而不是该项的India，所以该项的错误是偷换概念。选项B对应第四段首句：At the peak of coverage, 99.7％ of the target population swallowed anti-polio drops．该项所有信息与原文基本接近，但是原文的“target population(目标群体)”被替换成了“Indians(印度人)”，故该项也是偷换概念。选项C对应第五段第二句：Vaccinators learned to attend especially to mobile populations．其中“migrant workers”对应“mobile populations”；“received care from vaccinators”对应“vaccinators learned to attend to”。故该项正确。选项D对应第五段首句，该句说的是“to be applied in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria(即将被应用到巴基斯坦、阿富汗和尼日利亚)”，而该项却说“has been accepted in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria(已经被巴基斯坦、阿富汗和尼日利亚接受)”，故该项错误。综上所述，本题答案为C。
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