首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Countries at all levels of economic development face a similar challenge: to make their industries competitive in an increasingl
Countries at all levels of economic development face a similar challenge: to make their industries competitive in an increasingl
admin
2010-06-18
74
问题
Countries at all levels of economic development face a similar challenge: to make their industries competitive in an increasingly integrated global economy. Despite sharing the same overall goal, though, countries face distinctive geographical issues in ensuring that their industries compete effectively. Industries in relatively developed countries must protect their markets from new competitors. Countries once governed or still governed by communist parties must prepare their industries to compete in a global market-driven economy. Developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America must identify new markets and sources of revenue to generate industrial growth.
Competition among blocs Industrial competition in the relatively developed world increasingly takes place among blocs of countries. Countries within three groups—North America, Western Europe, and East Asia—cooperate more extensively with each other but compete against the other two regions to promote industrial growth.
In North America, the United States and Canada have eliminated virtually all trade barriers, while similar efforts have been made among the members of the European Community. Cooperation is less extensive in East Asia, where Japanese industries tend to set the lead in exporting industrial goods to other countries.
The free movement of most products across the borders has led to closer integration of industries within North America and Western Europe. For example, traditionally, most automobiles sold in Canada were manufactured in Canada, but now most automobiles sold in Canada are assembled in the United States. On balance, however, Canada exports twice as many automobiles to its southern neighbor as it imports. Every Chevrolet Caprice and Ford Taurus sold in Canada is actually assembled in the United States, but every Chevrolet Lumina and Ford Crown Victoria sold in the United States is actually assembled in Canada.
At the same time they have promoted internal cooperation, the three trading blocs have erected barriers to restrict the ability of industries from other regions to compete effectively. European Community members slap a tax on goods that were produced in other countries. Japan has lengthy permit procedures that effectively hinder foreign companies from selling there. The Japanese government maintains quotas on the number of automobiles its companies can export to the United States in order to counter charges of unfair competition.
Transnational corporations Industries within relatively developed countries are increasingly; controlled by large transnational corporations, sometimes called multinational corporations. A transnational corporation operates factories in countries other than the one in which its headquarters is located. Initially, transnational corporations were primarily American-owned, but in recent years Japanese, German, and other European companies have been active as well.
Some transnational corporations locate factories in other countries to expand their markets. Manufacturing the product where it is to be sold overcomes the restrictions that many countries place on imports. Furthermore, given the lack of economic growth in many relatively developed countries, a corporation may find that the only way it can increase sales is to move into another country. Transnational corporations also open factories in countries with lower-cost site factors, in order to reduce production costs. The site factor that varies among countries most dramatically is labor.
Japanese transnational corporations have been especially active in the United States in recent years. Several hundred Japanese-owned corporations have built factories in the United States, primarily to develop new markets for electronics, automotive components, and metal products. Most of these plants have been located in a handful of interior states, including Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Tennessee, and Illinois.
According to the passage, there is not much cooperation in East Asia because ______.
选项
A、many countries in East Asia are politically hostile to Japan
B、few countries in this region could match Japan in export
C、the governments are not aware of the necessity
D、there is no agreement on the elimination of trade barriers
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/lHlO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Thedistancetheyhavetravelledshouldbeatleast1,600kilometers.B、Theforeignanimalsrunamuckastheyhavenonatural
ForyearswehavebeentalkingaboutaddictiontotheInternet,andthentothemobilephone.ArecentsurveyinUKfoundthat_
ForyearswehavebeentalkingaboutaddictiontotheInternet,andthentothemobilephone.ArecentsurveyinUKfoundthat_
Intheauthor’sopinion,theprolongationoflifeisequaltoInthesecondparagraphacomparisonisdrawnbetween
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutDavid’spersonalbackground?
Inadditiontothenationalsocialsecuritysystem,17specialpensionschemesareamongthesocialadvantagesthatgovernmente
Accordingtothepassage,thenewcollege-entrancesystemisdesignedto______.Accordingtothepassage,thereseemstobedi
偶然也会有一座小岛出现在地平线上,我们不知其名,但它却给人以神秘之感,那是海底峰峦的顶部,孤独、凄凉、无瑕、偏僻地矗立在海上。人们喜爱岛屿,是否因为在这难以驾驭的广大世界里有这样一叫、块易于管理的领地,人们就不知不觉地要据为已有?我想到那座岛屿一直就在那里
A、morethantwoweeksafterthererunpresidentialelectionB、lessthantwoweeksafterthererunpresidentialelectionC、moret
随机试题
Peopleinremoteareasare______frommoderncivilization.
工程项目是在一个比工程项目本身大得多的相关范畴中进行的,关于工程项目管理所必须考虑的因素,下列说法正确的是()。
确定项目经济评价指标的原则有( )。
企业进行股份制改造发生的资产评估增值,应相应调整账户,所发生的固定资产评估增值可以计提折旧,但在计算应纳税所得额时不得扣除。企业在办理年度纳税申报时,应将有关核算资料一并附送主管税务机关审核。在计算申报年度应纳税所得额时应予以调整,其调整方法有( )。
甲公司原为生产VCD播放机的企业。随着DVD多功能播放器的出现,VCD播放机在国内几乎没有销路。此时,甲公司果断决定,一方面准备上马DVD等新型播放器生产线的同时,在最后的一段时间内,力争在非洲地区打开销路。后实践证明此举是正确的,在非洲市场实现了高增长率
甲公司生产产品所需某种原料的需求量不稳定,为保障产品生产的原料供应.需要设置保险储备,确定合理保险储备量的判断依据是()。
我国教育史上,______最早将“教”“育”两个字连起来使用。
维护社会治安秩序的工作主要有以下几个方面的内容()。
无权处分与无权代理。[中南财大2010年研]
按照“后进先出”原则组织数据的数据结构是( )。
最新回复
(
0
)