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The obvious beauty of symmetry has long been an important consideration to artists and artisans working in the Western tradition

admin2015-06-27  83
问题     The obvious beauty of symmetry has long been an important consideration to artists and artisans working in the Western tradition. Indeed, there are few examples in Western culture of major structural works such as gates, religious altars, or kings’ thrones which do not incorporate the principle of symmetry into their design. The theory underlying this practice rests on certain assumptions about human vision. It is assumed that if the eye of the viewer is directed toward some central point in the design, this central point must be the center of visual gravity as well. In other words, the center of the design must be balanced by equal mass on the left and right. It is further assumed that, if the object is not so arranged, there will arise in the viewer a certain visual discomfort and tension of the eye muscles. This tension and discomfort will, of course, limit the potential for esthetic enjoyment and appreciation.
    According to the theories which came into vogue at the time of the Renaissance, vertical symmetry is of less significance than bilateral symmetry. In other words, making an esthetic object, small on the top and large at the bottom is not apt to create a visual tension, at least on the scale of an imbalance between right and left.
    We can see this principle at work in the average gateway arch or cathedral window. There is a wide base with two sides which extend upward. The two sides converge, forming a central design point at the top. This point functions as the center of the design and the center of visual gravity. The artist pays particular attention to the sloping vertical lines. The slope must be exact on both sides. The result of this careful attention is the perfectly formed arch with its two symmetrical shoulders and its central dominating point. It matters little to the artist that the arch design is large at the bottom and increasingly smaller at the top, since he assumes the inherent truth of all Renaissance prescriptions.
It is clear from this selection that bilateral symmetry
选项 A、is the balance from top to bottom.
B、is not of prime importance.
C、causes visual tension and discomfort.
D、is the balance from side to side.
答案D
解析 文章第一段倒数第三句：In other words…即换句话说，设计的中心点必须跟左右两端平均对称。因此，答案为[D]。[A]项说从顶端到底部的对称，这不是两端的对称；[B]项说不重要，与文章首段首句相反；[C]项说会造成视觉紧张和不适，而文中提到对称美学产生原理就是不会引起视觉疲劳。
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