首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families
In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families
admin
2014-09-17
48
问题
In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve theft superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon adsorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.
Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties; practical rules which promote efficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance. In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzaia, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents’ presence without asking permission. Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot. Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Province, in France. Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today. In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name. Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of banning or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest.
According to the writer which of the following is put of chivalry? A knight should ______.
选项
A、inspire his lady to perform valiant deeds
B、perform deeds which would inspire romantic songs
C、express his love for his lady from a distance
D、regard his lady as strong and independent
答案
C
解析
理解判断题。在文章第六段中我们可读到a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds,though he would never come physically close to her,即express his love for his lady form a distance,因此选择C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/lWdO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
WhichofthefollowingworksisdifferentfromtheothersintheAmericanliteraturehistory?
EconomicDeathSpiralJustrecentlythetrusteesofSocialSecurityandMedicareissuedtheirannualreportsontheprograms
EconomicDeathSpiralJustrecentlythetrusteesofSocialSecurityandMedicareissuedtheirannualreportsontheprograms
EconomicDeathSpiralJustrecentlythetrusteesofSocialSecurityandMedicareissuedtheirannualreportsontheprograms
GorkyParkisfamousformanythings,notmanyofthemgood.ForMuscovites,theircity’sbiggestgreenspaceusedtobeknowna
Working-classfamiliesintheUnitedStatesareusuallynuclear,andmanystudiesindicatethatworking-classcouplesmarryfor
DaydreamingI.DaydreamingcanbeharmfulbecauseitwasconsideredasA.awasteoftimeB.a(1)_____ofneurotictendencies(
DaydreamingI.DaydreamingcanbeharmfulbecauseitwasconsideredasA.awasteoftimeB.a(1)_____ofneurotictendencies(
DaydreamingI.DaydreamingcanbeharmfulbecauseitwasconsideredasA.awasteoftimeB.a(1)_____ofneurotictendencies(
Asanxiety-makers,examinationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonit.Theyarethemarkofsuccess(1)_____
随机试题
简述沟通的类型。
下列哪类病毒目前还没有在我国发现引起出血热
A.快速、精确而短暂B.快速、粗糙而广泛C.缓慢、持久而弥散D.缓慢、迟钝而局限E.相对局限和不灵敏自身调节的一般特点是
患者,男性,27岁,在施工中不幸从二楼坠下,入院后5h,患者出现喷射状呕吐、意识障碍加重。体检脉搏72次/min,呼吸14次/min,血压170/98mmHg,GCS评分8分,左侧瞳孔4.0mm,对光反射消失,右侧瞳孔3.0mm,对光反射极弱,右侧肢体活动
下列哪项是温脾汤和理中丸中均含有的药物
()是指企业为生产某种产品而发生的费用。它与一定种类和数量的产品相联系,是对象化了的费用。
管理学界出现“以人为导向”或“以人为中心”的管理思想与提法,这是由()研究结果得出的。
对于规定有承租人优惠购买选择权的融资租赁来说,承租人的最低租赁付款额应包括()。
Writeacompositionofabout200wordsonthefollowingtopic.RemembertowriteyourcompositiononANSWERSHEETIf.
CertainphrasesonecommonlyhearsamongAmericanscapturetheirdevotiontoindividualism:"Doyourownthing.""Ididitmywa
最新回复
(
0
)