2. 外语
  3. Some guidelines that advise people how to lose weight are seriously flawed and grossly overstate how quickly they will reach the

Some guidelines that advise people how to lose weight are seriously flawed and grossly overstate how quickly they will reach the

admin2012-07-05  48
问题     Some guidelines that advise people how to lose weight are seriously flawed and grossly overstate how quickly they will reach their targets, scientists say.
    Researchers found people lost only half as much weight as expected in a year if they followed the advice given by the U. S. health organizations.
    The problem came to light when government scientists at the U. S. National Institutes of Health in Maryland realized standard weight loss advice failed to account for changes in metabolism (新陈代谢) as people lost weight.
    The rule used by the health organizations assumes that if a person cuts 500 calories from his daily diet, he will lose about 450g each week, regardless of how long he adhered to the regime (制度). But as people lose weight, their metabolism slows until they reach a new stable bodyweight. Their weight loss is further complicated by how much body fat and muscle they have when they start dieting.
    Using the flawed weight loss guidelines, obesity rates in the U. S. could be cut from 67% to 50% in five years. But when he did the calculation again, taking metabolism into account, the figures were less rosy. After five years of the tax, obesity might drop to 62% , but crucially fall no further.
    Last year, researchers writing in the Lancet called on governments to bring in measures to reverse the rise of obesity, which could affect an extra 11 million people in the UK in the next 20 years. Almost 50% of British men could be obese by 2030, they wrote.
    Based on the work, Hall and his colleagues have created an online tool that people from adolescence to late middle age can use to get more accurate advice on how to lose weight. The tool, which can be used by GPs and patients, then works out how many calories they need to cut, either through dieting or more exercise, and how they can then maintain the healthier weight.
    Rather than demoralizing (使......失去信心) people, Hall hopes more accurate advice would help overweight and obese people have realistic expectations.
What have Hall and his colleagues done according to the passage?
选项 A、They have created an online tool which is fit for anybody.
B、They have helped people get more precise advice about losing weight.
C、They have suggested people cut calories through suffering online every day.
D、They have advised people to lose weight by both dieting and more exercise.
答案B
解析 事实细节题。根据定位句，Hall和他的同事制作了一个在线工具，这一工具可供从青年到中年后期的人使用，以获得更准确的减肥建议。B)含义与之吻合，故为答案。根据定位句可知，这一工具并非所有人适用，故排除A)；原文指出这一在线工具可计算出通过饮食或更多的运动需要减掉的卡路里量，而非上网减肥或者通过饮食和更多运动来减肥，据此可知，C)杂糅原文，不符合原文意思，故排除；D)不准确，故也排除。
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