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  3. (46)The classic difficulty felt with democracy arises from the fact that democracy can never express the will of the whole peopl

(46)The classic difficulty felt with democracy arises from the fact that democracy can never express the will of the whole peopl

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问题     (46)The classic difficulty felt with democracy arises from the fact that democracy can never express the will of the whole people because there never exists any such unchanging will (at least in any society that call itself democratic). The concept of government of the whole people by the whole people must be looked on as being in the poetry rather than in the prose of democracy; the fact of prose is that real democracy means government by some kind of dominant majority.
    (47)And the ever-present danger, repeatedly realized in fact, is that this dominant majority may behave toward those who are not of the majority in such a manner as to undermine the moral basis of the right of people, because they are people, to have some important say in the setting of their own course and in use of their own faculties. Other forms of government may similarly fail to respect human independence. But there is at least no contradiction in that; the underlying assumption of every kind of government by wiser and betters is that people on the whole are not fit to manage their own affairs, but must have someone else do it for them, and there is no paradox when such a treats its subjects without respect, or deals with them on the basis of their having no rights that the government must take into account.
    (48)But democracy affirms that people are fit to control themselves, and it cannot live in the same air with the theory that there is no limit to the extent to which public power—even the power of a majority can interfere with the lives of people.
    Rational limitation on power is therefore not a contradiction to democracy, but is of the very essence of democracy as such. Other sorts of government may impose such limitations on themselves as an act of grace. (49)Democracy is under the moral duty of limiting itself because such limitation is essential to the survival of that respect for humankind which is in the foundations of democracy. Respect for the freedom of all people cannot, of course, be the only guide, for there would then be no government. Delicate ongoing compromise is what must be looked for. (50)But democracy, unless it is to deny its own moral basis, must accept the necessity for making this compromise and for giving real weight to the claims of those without the presently effective political power to make their claims prevail in elections.

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答案民主就是根据道德责任限制自己，因为这样的限制对于保持对人的尊重来说非常重要，而对人的尊重是民主的基础。
解析 原因状语从句的翻译；定语从句的翻译。复合句。句子主干为Democracy is under the moral duty of limiting itself。because引导原因状语从句，其中又包含一个which引导的定语从句修饰respect for humankind，翻译时将定语从句主语译出以单独成句。
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