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  3. Drug Reactions--a Major Cause of Death Adverse drug reactions may cause the deaths of over 100,000 US hospital patients each

Drug Reactions--a Major Cause of Death Adverse drug reactions may cause the deaths of over 100,000 US hospital patients each

admin2011-01-05  56
问题                  Drug Reactions--a Major Cause of Death
    Adverse drug reactions may cause the deaths of over 100,000 US hospital patients each year, making them a leading cause of death nationwide, according to a report in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
    "The incidence of serious and fatal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in US hospitals was found to be extremely high. " say researchers at the University of Toronto in Ontario, Canada.
    They carried on an analysis of 39 ADR-related studies at US hospitals over the past 30 years and defined an ADR as "any harmful, unintended, and undesired effect of a drug which occurs at doses used in humans for prevention, diagnosis, or therapy. "
    An average 6.7% of all hospitalized patients experience an ADR every year, according to the researchers. They estimate that " In 1994, overall 2,216,000 hospitalized patients had serious ADRs, and 106,000 had fatal ADRs. " This means that ADRs may rank as the fourth single largest cause of death in America.
    And these incidence figures are probably conservative, the researchers add, since their ADR, definition did not include outcomes linked to problems in drug administration, overdoses, drug abuse, and therapeutic failures.
    The control of ADRs also means spending more money. One US study estimated the overall cost of treating ADRs at up to $ 4 billion per year.
    Dr. David Bates of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, believes that healthcare workers need to pay more attention to the problem, especially since many ADRs are easily preventable. "When a patient develops an allergy or sensitivity, it is often not recorded, " Bates notes, "and patients receive drugs to which they have known allergies or sensitivities with disturbing frequency. " He believes computerized surveillance systems--still works-in-progress at many of the nation’s hospitals--should help cut down the frequency of these types of errors.  
The investigators say that ______.
选项 A、67 patients out of 100 in every American hospital die from ADRs each year
B、67 patients out of 100 in every American hospital experience an ADR each year
C、6.7% of all hospitalized patients in America experience ADRs each year on average
D、6.7% of all hospitalized patients in Canada experience ADRs each year on average
答案C
解析 文章第四段的第一句话说到调查者的研究结果发现，在美国每年平均有6.7%的住院病人经历过ADR。这是一个平均数，只有C项才符合题意。
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