2. 外语
  3. Publicity offers several benefits. There are no costs for message time or space. An ad in prime time television may cost $ 250,0

Publicity offers several benefits. There are no costs for message time or space. An ad in prime time television may cost $ 250,0

admin2012-10-20  56
问题      Publicity offers several benefits. There are no costs for message time or space. An ad in prime time television may cost $ 250,000 to $500,000 or more per minute, whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything. However, there are costs for news releases, a publicity department, and other items. As with advertising, publicity reaches a mass audience. Within a short time, new products or company policies are widely known.
     Credibility about messages is high, because they are reported in independent media. A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper, because the reader associates independence with objectivity. Similarly, people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than ads. Readers spend time reading the stories, but they flip through the ads. Furthermore, there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine. Feature stories arc much fewer in number and stand out clearly.
     Publicity also has some significant limitations. A firm has little control over messages, their timing, their placement, or their coverage by a given medium. It may issue detailed news releases and find only portions cited by the media; and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would like. For example, in 1982, Procter & Gamble faced a substantial publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-old company logo. A few ministers and other private citizens believed that the symbol was sacrilegious. These beliefs were covered extensively by the media and resulted in the firm receiving 15,000 phone calls about the rumor in June alone. To combat this negative publicity, the firm issued news releases featuring prominent clergy that refuted the rumors, threatened to sue those people spreading the stories, and had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning America. The media cooperated with the company and the false rumor was temporarily put to rest. However, in 1985, negative publicity became so disruptive that Procter & Gamble decided to remove the logo from its products.
     A firm may want publicity during certain periods, such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened, but the media may not cover the introduction or opening until after the time it would aid the firm. Similarly, media determine the placement of a story; it may follow a report on crime or sports. Finally, the media ascertain whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it. A company- sponsored jobs program might go unreported or receive three-sentence coverage in a local newspaper.
People are more likely to believe in news reports than ads because ______.
选项 A、they reach a larger audience than ads do
B、they are more objective
C、they appear in independent media
D、they are much more in number and stand out clearly
答案C
解析 推理判断题。文章第二段的主题是关于公众宣传的一个优势——可靠性，并分析其原因——在独立媒体上的报道。第二段中的两个because从句表明人们更相信独立的媒体报道，因为读者把独立性与客观性联系在一起，故答案为C。
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