2. 考研
  3. 《中庸》里面说：“好学近乎知，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇。”这里所说的“知耻近乎勇”中的“耻”其实是人之为人的一个文明指标。人类文明的表现之一是要有羞耻心，也可以叫“羞恶之心”。孟子讲：“无恻隐之心，非人也；无羞恶之心，非人也；无辞让之心，非人也；无是非之心，

《中庸》里面说：“好学近乎知，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇。”这里所说的“知耻近乎勇”中的“耻”其实是人之为人的一个文明指标。人类文明的表现之一是要有羞耻心，也可以叫“羞恶之心”。孟子讲：“无恻隐之心，非人也；无羞恶之心，非人也；无辞让之心，非人也；无是非之心，

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问题     《中庸》里面说：“好学近乎知，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇。”这里所说的“知耻近乎勇”中的“耻”其实是人之为人的一个文明指标。人类文明的表现之一是要有羞耻心，也可以叫“羞恶之心”。孟子讲：“无恻隐之心，非人也；无羞恶之心，非人也；无辞让之心，非人也；无是非之心，非人也。”
    恻隐之心，就是不忍；就是“恕”，就是“己所不欲勿施于人”。辞让之心，就是文明礼貌；是非之心，就是社会的公平正义。而羞恶之心，就是“知耻”。孟子称这四个方面是人的“四端”，即做人的开始。如果没有这起码的四点，就不是“人”了，孟子称之为“非人”。
    孟子讲的“四端”在今天的意义不需要多讲。当今社会，人和人之间的同情心都成了稀罕物了。见死不救仅仅是怕法律误判吗?我看主要是缺少“是非之心”，缺少正义感，缺少同情心，缺少悲悯之心。所以，如果讲当代社会大家共同的价值，我觉得应该是礼义廉耻。这四个字源自中国文化最基本的价值，应该成为今天全社会共认的价值。(刘梦溪)
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答案A saying in The Doctrine of the Mean goes, " Love of knowledge is the characteristic of men of intellectual character. Strenuous attention to conduct is the characteristic of men of moral character. Sensitiveness to shame is the characteristic of men of courage or heroic character. " The "shame" in "Sensitiveness to shame is the characteristic of men of courage or heroic character" is actually an indicator of civilization that makes the distinction between human beings and other animals. One symbol of human civilization is to possess a feeling of shame, or " the sense of shame for evil deeds. " Mencius said, " A man who has no sense of compassion is nonhuman; a man who has no sense of shame is nonhuman; a man who has no sense of modesty is nonhuman; a man who has no sense of right and wrong is nonhuman. The sense of compassion is to be sympathetic for others; that is " forbearance," meaning " don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you. " The sense of modesty is to behave civilly and politely; the sense of right and wrong is to know the fairness and justice of a society; the sense of shame is to know "the sense of shame for evil deeds. " According to Mencius, these four senses are the " four origins," the origins of being a human. Without these four origins, a man cannot be called a human being, but would be "non-human" as Mencius said. The significance of the "four origins" in our world is pretty evident. Nowadays, it is rare to find sympathy in our society. Is trying to avoid erroneous judgment the only reason for standing by while others are in mortal danger? In my opinion, it is due to an absence of the sense of right and wrong, of justice, sympathy and compassion. Therefore, I believe that the senses of order, justice, honesty and shame, the values, which originate from the most fundamental values of Chinese culture, should be the common values in our society.(Liu Mengxi)
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