首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Bank chiefs, oil company executives and notorious politicians seem as hypersensitive to admitting guilt as the public is eager t
Bank chiefs, oil company executives and notorious politicians seem as hypersensitive to admitting guilt as the public is eager t
admin
2014-06-25
8
问题
Bank chiefs, oil company executives and notorious politicians seem as hypersensitive to admitting guilt as the public is eager to extract self-reproach from them. If sometimes we seem to scrutinize people more for their failure to say, "I’m sorry," than for the breaches themselves, it is partly due to the cultural wisdom that an apology is the first step in mending a broken relationship.
Our collective desire for apologies, though, may not be a great indicator of their effect once delivered. Studies by a team of researchers of the Rotterdam School of Management have shown that people are poor forecasters of their emotional responses to life and tend to overestimate future reactions to both positive and negative situations.
To simulate betrayals of trust, the researchers set up games and manipulated them. Participants were given ¢10 to either keep or transfer in whole to a partner, in which case, participants were told, the amount would be tripled and their partner would decide how to split the total. Once the transfers took place, participants were informed that their partners had decided to return only ¢15. Each participant then received a written apology in which his or her partner expressed regret and acknowledged responsibility for the unfair trade. For comparison another group of participants played the trust game to the same outcome but were asked to imagine receiving an apology. A third group was asked to imagine the entire scenario, breach and apology.
In their post-game analysis, participants who imagined the apology, regardless of whether the breach was real or imagined, rated the apology as more "valuable" and "reconciling" than did participants who actually received one.
In a follow-up study the same participants repeated the game with the same mean but regretful partners, this time getting to choose how much of the initial ¢10 to transfer. "Because participants were exploited in the first game, this amount is a behavioral measure of trust restoration. Participants imagining the entire scenario predicted they would transfer on average ¢5. 20. Those who actually received an apology in the first game, however, were less trusting of their partners the second time around, handing over an average of ¢3. 31.
If apologies are not inherently as valuable as we believe, they are still effective in restoring social order because they trigger a highly scripted reconciliation process. Once an apology is offered, the pressure is then on "victims" to accept and move on. Ironically, the failure to accept an apology transforms the victim into the sinner. Children, less aware of social norms, often fail to graciously accept a regret. And an apology does not necessarily signal regret, add the researchers. Sometimes apologies are offered not to make amends with victims but to signal to an external audience that one is a good person. So, it’s a tricky situation then, when your victim is in the audience.
It can be inferred, in a fair trade, participants are supposed to have got______.
选项
A、¢30
B、¢10
C、¢15
D、¢5
答案
C
解析
第三段第二、三句指出游戏规则:给实验对象(participants)10欧元,让他们自己选择是自己把钱留下还是交给其搭档(partner),若交给对方,则钱数会成为原先的3倍(30欧元),随后由搭档决定如何分配30欧元。实验的操作是,告知实验对象他们只被返还了5欧元,从而形成一种对“背叛信任行为”的模拟(simulate betrayal of trust)。但题目问的是“在公平的状态下应该如何,因此应为30欧元在两人之间平分,即15欧元,[C]选项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/mFK4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Scientistsaroundtheworldareracingtolearnhowtorapidlydiagnose,treatandstopthespreadofanew,deadlydisease.SAR
Computershavebecomeanextensionofus:thatisacommonplacenow.Butinanimportantwaywemaybebecominganextensionof
HowdoyougettoCarnegieHall?Practice.Inagroundbreakingpaperpublishedin1993,cognitivepsychologistAndersEricssona
Innovationisawordlikedemocracy.Everyoneisinfavourofit,butdifferentpeopleattachdifferentmeaningstoit.IsEasyj
Antibiotics,beforetheybecameusedasdrugs,werenaturalproducts.Anewfindingprovidesthefirstdirect【C1】______thatanti
Cheatinginexamsisrampantinuniversitiesandisconsideredamajorproblem.YouaretosuggestonlyONEwaytosolvethepro
Accordingtothetext,thepublicresponsetoMr.Philips’claimisTheterm"grub"(Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans
CampusShootingThedayofterrorattheVirginiaPolytechnicStateUniversityinBlacksburgbeganatabout7:15a.m.,wit
Arecenttelevisioncommercialbegins【C1】______theannouncement,"Johnnywasjustbeatenupbythebiggestkid【C2】______theblo
Immigrantsaren’tseekingU.S.citizenshipasoftenthesedays—notsincetheAmericandreambecamemoreexpensive.Followin
随机试题
在以下什么情况下货币供给增加?()
注射氯化钙如有外漏,应立即用何药作局部封闭
不是急性肝衰竭的临床表现的是
属于双面嵌体的是()
根据《税收征收管理法》的规定,纳税人未按期缴纳税款的,税务机关除责令限期缴纳外,从滞纳税款之日起,按日加收滞纳税款的()的滞纳金。
培训讲师应该具备的培训行为能力包括()。
设a=log36,b=log0.20.1,c=log714,则a,b、c大小关系是()。
刚刚来到单位,小赵对你做事指手画脚,还不时冷嘲热讽;小李对你特别亲热。尤其对你私生活非常感兴趣;小孙特别热情.第一次见你就称兄道弟。你怎么处理和他们的关系?
根据以下资料,回答91-95题2008年末,上海市百强企业集团年末资产总计28121.41亿元,比上年增长6.9%:从业人员123.39万,下降2.3%。全年完成营业收入15328.40亿元,增长7.9%;实现利润总额821.22亿元,下降40.5%。
A.嗜中性粒细胞B.破骨细胞C.髓石D.透明小体E.牙周袋牙体吸收有()。
最新回复
(
0
)