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Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers

admin2012-05-04  39
问题     Shoals of fish are able to move and turn in seamless formation by following simple rules that are like those used by car drivers, researchers say.
    Some of the most【C1】______sights in nature happen when animals form【C2】______ groups and move together as if【C3】______. Earlier work has shown that fish in large groups make better decisions than【C4】______or small groups.
    Many theories have been【C5】______ about how animals might communicate in order to【C6】______this. But now it appears really simple. The researchers【C7】______groups of two, four or eight mosquito fish in a square arena for five minutes【C8】______studied the movements of individuals in each group. The【C9】______of the swimming fish were fed into software which acts like many pairs of eyes to keep【C10】______ on the direction and speed of each fish in the school and【C11】______it responds to other fish around it.
    As schools of fish rarely suffer from crashes or【C12】______, the rules they use could also【C13】______be applied to robotic systems to solve traffic problems. If a system could be【C14】______ where each car knew where each car was and they could respond to each other and communicate with each other, traffic problems【C15】______ be avoid.
    The researchers used a technique called artificial neural networks to look for【C16】______ in the data. And it turns out the【C17】______ well-organized swimming that fish in shoals【C18】______is actually caused by each fish using very simple rules to respond to its neighbors. These rules include " accelerate towards a neighbor that is far away from you" and " decelerate when a neighbor is【C19】______ in front of you". It is also found that a fish only responds to a single nearest neighbor at any one time. Those【C20】______ to be the rules people use when they are driving.
【C1】
选项 A、misleading
B、incredible
C、universal
D、dreadful
答案B
解析 形容词辨析题。句意为：自然界中最令人难以置信的现象是动物们会形成队列并一起移动，好像是安排好的一样。本文所要重点介绍和解释的现象是动物会自发排队行进。这种现象可用什么词来形容，应依据本段和其后一段来判断，根据本段中的earlier work和下一段中的Many theories，这种现象引起人们的关注和兴趣，同时，第三段第二句提到“现在看来这是很简单的”。观察四个选项，incredible“令人难以置信的”为最佳答案。既然引发研究的兴趣，应不是司空见惯的事情，故排除universal“普遍的”；由第三段第二句可知，这种现象已有了解释，故排除misleading“误导的，令人迷惑的”；而上下文没有文字表明这种现象是“令人恐惧的”，故排除D项dreadful。
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