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  3. Many people associate their self-worth with their work. The more successful their career, the better they feel about themselves.

Many people associate their self-worth with their work. The more successful their career, the better they feel about themselves.

admin2023-01-31  2
问题     Many people associate their self-worth with their work. The more successful their career, the better they feel about themselves. Work-related self-esteem is therefore a worthy ideal to pursue with vigor, right? Well, not always. According to recent research, in which psychologists interviewed 370 full-time workers over a period of three weeks, the reality is a little more complicated. And it involves negative as well as positive consequences.
    It’s natural to be drawn towards pleasure and to step away from pain. In the workplace, if that pleasure comes from a triumph which swells our self-respect, people will try to repeat the accomplishment. But repeating that accomplishment is often not realistic, which can lead to severe negative emotional consequences when it doesn’t reoccur. This form of motivation is widely regarded as a negative type of motivation. It can hinder other more positive motivation types, such as completing a task purely because it’s fulfilling or enjoyable.
    What consumes the employee instead is a pressing need to feel mighty and sure of themselves. They then take on only tasks and objectives which serve that ego-driven need. As a result, to avoid feelings of shame and worthlessness associated with failure, they extend themselves to such a degree that there’s a subsequent adverse effect on their well-being. This internal pressure to succeed at all costs demands a lot of effort. It depletes their energy, culminating in disproportionate levels of damaging sentiment.
    Those negative emotions mount into heightened anxiety, impacting their ability to make the most of their personal life. Their desire to avoid feeling inferior ends up making them feel inferior when it comes to their diminished capacity for friendship and leisure. They end up dissatisfied both at work and outside of it.
    But thankfully, for those people compelled almost entirely by this specific form of motivation, the news isn’t all bad, or bad at all. The study also discovered several positive outcomes that can actually outweigh the harmful ones. Though these types of employees are motivated by the desire to avoid negative consequences, they are also motivated by the excitement of pursuing emotional rewards. This excitement makes pursuing goals enjoyable and stimulates pleasure and pride that would result from success. An effect of the positive motivation is that it neutralizes the existence of negative motivation.
    Sure, it affects people’s personal lives to what could be deemed an unhealthy extent, because leisure activities are often seen as a part of life that must be sacrificed to manage work and family demands.
    However, the way people feel about their work has less to do with whether they’re motivated by the preservation of self-esteem but more with the fact that they’re simply motivated.
What is the good news we learn from the recent research?
选项 A、The pursuit of goals may turn out to be enjoyable and pleasant.
B、The emotional rewards from goal pursuit are worth the pains taken.
C、The negative consequences of goal pursuit can mostly be avoided.
D、The goal of swelling self-esteem can be achieved if one keeps trying.
答案A
解析 根据题干中的good news和recent research定位到第5段。题目询问最近的研究中有什么好消息。第5段第2句指出。该研究还发现了一些积极的结果(several positive outcomes)；第4句更是表明，这种兴奋使追求目标这一过程变得愉快(enjoyable)。并激发成功带来的快乐和自豪感(pleasure and pride)。因此，追求目标可能会是令人愉快和快乐的，故选A项。B项“追求且标所带来的情感回报是值得付出代价的”中的are worth the pains taken并没有原文依据——第5段末句说的“积极动机可以中和消极动机”并不等于说消极动机引发的痛苦是值得的。C项“追求目标的消极后果大部分是可以避免的”中的can mostly be avoided也没有在文中谈及。D项“如果一个人不断尝试，就可以达到增强自尊的目标”只是利用swelling self-esteem等词进行干扰，其表述在文中并未提及。
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