2. 外语
  3. Some day there will be a robot that takes the drudgery (苦工,单调沉闷的工作) out of housework—and even cleans windows, but how soon such

Some day there will be a robot that takes the drudgery (苦工,单调沉闷的工作) out of housework—and even cleans windows, but how soon such

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问题     Some day there will be a robot that takes the drudgery (苦工,单调沉闷的工作) out of housework—and even cleans windows, but how soon such a robot will emerge is anybody’s guess. Mr. Joseph Engelberger, President of Unimation, Inc. , which makes industrial robots, says a workable domestic robot might take shape by the late 1980s, but Mr. Ben Skora, an amateur robot builder now working on his second creation, predicts household robots in about fifty years, and the Director of Stanford University’s Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Dr. John McCarthy, says domestic robots are anywhere from five to five hundred years away.
    Although robots are already widely used in industry—from welding (焊接) car parts to handling explosives—the gap between the industrial robot and a domestic one is great, according to Dr. McCarthy. Closing the gap will require an intellectual break-through.
    "Take the task of clearing the table and washing the dishes," he suggested. "The robots will have to be able to discriminate between rubbish and dishes that should be washed and, meanwhile, not trip over the dog or baby on the floor on its way to the dishwasher. "
    He said that the robot, which he defines as a general purpose physical action machine that is automatically controlled, probably will not end up looking anything like a human being. Instead the robot might have a central "brain" that controls a whole army of bodies, like a staff of servants, each assigned to a specific duty.
    Mr. Engelberger thinks the domestic robot is right around in corner, just waiting for an economic boost to help it over the remaining technological hurdles. He expects the household robot to be modeled after an industrial forebear (祖先).
    "But the person who wants a robot will have to build this world around it," Mr. Engelberger said. For example, a fellow building a house might spend twenty-five per cent more to have it "robotized". Such a "robotized" house probably would have to be free of stairs and other encumbrances (障碍物) that could trip a near-sighted robot, would provide special sockets (插座) for it to plug into, and would contain a "pantry" (餐具室) where the robot’s brain and tools would be stored.
    He added that the robot would probably have to use (by means of a sophisticated TV camera) and have a sense of touch to do housework. It could even be programmed for some superhuman tasks, such as acting as a smoke-detector that would alert a family to a fire and then fight it.
A domestic robot differs from an industrial one in that it______.
选项 A、will be much more effective
B、will be more intellectual
C、will be automatically controlled
D、will be more energy-saving
答案B
解析 本题是一道具体细节题。问家用机器人与工业用机器人的区别是什么。根据文章第二段和第三段的内容，家用机器人和工业用机器人之间还有很大的差距。而减少其差距的关键在于机器智能上的突破。因为做家务与工业中的焊接汽车零件、处理爆炸性物品不一样。做家务和收拾桌椅、洗餐具等需要机器人有辨别垃圾和餐具的能力。同时，家用机器人在室内活动时也不能踩到在地板上的狗或婴儿身上。因此，本题的正确答案应是B“家用机器人将更加智能化”。
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