2. 考研
  3. By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【B1】______of these nati

By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【B1】______of these nati

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问题     By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million【B1】______of these nations looked【B2】______to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian colonialism, many of the leaders of independence【B3】______the ideals of representative government, careers【B4】______to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the【B5】______to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 【B6】______there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a【B7】______set of laws.
    On the issue of【B8】______of religion and the position of the Church, 【B9】______, there was less agreement【B10】______the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one【B11】______by the Spanish Crown.【B12】______most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism【B13】______the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the【B14】______of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying【B15】______for the conservative forces.
    The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had【B16】______in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s【B17】______colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much【B18】______because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies【B19】______. Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was【B20】______self-rule and democracy.
【B8】
选项 A、freedom
B、origin
C、impact
D、reform
答案A
解析 考查名词辨析。本题的关键是下面两句的内容，从下文“Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one…”可知，争论的焦点主要围绕“继续将天主教作为唯一的教派”与“改变排斥其他信仰的局面”展开，因此这里谈论的主要问题应该是“宗教自由的问题”。故应选A．freedom“自由”。origin“起源”；impact“影响”；reform“改革”，均不符合题意。
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考研英语一

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