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  3. Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-Destruct Scientists have long understood that supermassive(超大质量的)black holes weighing mill

Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-Destruct Scientists have long understood that supermassive(超大质量的)black holes weighing mill

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问题                   Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-Destruct
    Scientists have long understood that supermassive(超大质量的)black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hole’ s gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough.
    Scientists say this uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu Brassart and Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire de Paris(巴黎天文台)in Meudon, France, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such an unfortunate star’s life,as it veered(改变方向)towards a supermassive black hole.
    When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake(薄饼)shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions, that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would be complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that no nuclear explosion should occur.
    The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and found that even when their effects are included,the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. "There will be an explosion of the star—it will be completely destroyed," Brassart says. Although the explosion obliterates(使消失)the star, it saves some of the star’ s matter from being devoured(吞没)by the black hole. The explosion is powerful enough to hurl much of the star’ s matter out of the black hole’ s reach, he says.
    The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought that several months after the event that rips the star apart,its matter starts swirling(旋转)into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays.
    If stars disrupted near black holes really do explode, then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Hatpern of Columbia University in New York, US. " It may make it possible to see the disruption of that star immediately if it gets hot enough," he says.
Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to a black hole. Which of the following destructive statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
选项 A、The black hole could tear apart the star.
B、The black hole could trigger a nuclear explosion in the star.
C、The black hole could dwindle its size considerably.
D、The black hole could devour the star.
答案C
解析 通读全文可知，黑洞能够“tear apart stars that come too close”“trigger a nuclear explosionpowerful enough to destroy the star from within”“being devoured by the black hole”正对应A，B和D三项。第三段首句说the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape(扁形)，而C项意为“黑洞可以大幅度地减小靠近星体的大小”，在文中没有提及，当选。
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