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  3. The Japanese and U. S. governments both studied the concept of "wired cities" using cable TV to deliver entertainment, informati

The Japanese and U. S. governments both studied the concept of "wired cities" using cable TV to deliver entertainment, informati

admin2013-05-04  40
问题      The Japanese and U. S. governments both studied the concept of "wired cities" using cable TV to deliver entertainment, information and educational services similar to those discussed today in the context of the digital revolution. On the basis of these hopes, the US government allowed the cable companies to set up local monopolies. In the event, these never delivered anything other than television with the understandable justification that user trials found minimal consumer interest in any of the other service, including interactive TV.
    What, then, is different this time?
    First, computers have become more powerful, cheaper, smaller, easier to use (although they still have a long way to go on this front) and more widely distributed, especially within businesses and especially in the U. S. Many of us now have personal computer (PCs) at home and also interact with computer technology in many other guises-games machines, automatic teller machines (ATMs) and the fifty microcomputers in a typical modern car.
    Second, the Internet. The Internet is a loose network of networks which enables PCs in most large organizations and many homes and small businesses (using a standard connection to a telephone line! to communicate with each other around the world at low cost. The Internet belongs to no one (although it uses telecommunication links which do)and has no central authority; it is really a set of "communication protocols", more like a language than a physical network, which means that any computer, whatever its internal language is, can communicate with any other. The Internet has existed for many years as an academic network, but took off as a mass application only in the mid-1990s. This was partly because of the invention of new software (the World Wide Web and "browsers") which made it easier to find useful information and move between different sites.
    The Internet exhibits a characteristic crucial for all successful communication networks: that their value to each member increases with the number of other members. The same happened with telephones and, more recently, fax machines: neither would be useful except as a status symbol if no one else had one. Once enough other people were on the Web, it became worthwhile for yet more people. In reality, despite all the talk of Websites, "surfing" and cyber-commerce, the main way most people(including the authors)use the Internet today is for electronic mail (e-mail)-typed messages and documents sent from one PC to another. The e-mail population reached" critical mass" in about the mid-1990s.  
The Internet was ______.
选项 A、mainly used in the academe circle before it found wide application
B、really a set of "communication protocols" before widely applied
C、restricted to domestic users before it found wide application
D、controlled by a central authority before widely applied
答案A
解析 细节题。从题干和四个选项可以看出此题测试点是Internet广泛应用前的情况。此题应定位于第四段倒数第二句“Internet作为学术网络存在了很多年，但只是20世纪90年代中期才开始得到广泛应用”。此句表明A项“Internet广泛运用前主要用于学术界”是对的。
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