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Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to
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2017-07-09
28
问题
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an【C1】______ burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution, but【C2】______ retirement could help.
Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially【C3】______ one, and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The【C4】______ reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the【C5】______ of those in work for their income. The【C6】______ is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates and【C7】______ life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double【C8】______ size. Public pension payments, which afford 30% ~ 80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are【C9】______ to rise, on average, by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.【C10】______ is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they【C11】______ for.
Action is needed,【C12】______ simply aiming to reduce the【C13】______ (and cost) of public pensions, or trying to【C14】______ the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be【C15】______ to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of【C16】______ early retirement schemes to avoid【C17】______ and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking【C18】______ persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less【C19】______ and unemployment is down, then perhaps the【C20】______ rate should rise anew.
【C15】
选项
A、insufficient
B、influential
C、inefficient
D、intrinsic
答案
A
解析
通过上下文选择形容词。空格所在句子的主干结构是simply aiming to...or trying to...may be______,因此填入的形容词是说明“为了减小养老金压力而采取的这些行动”的特点。由插入语though necessary step(虽然是必需的步骤)推出所填词应与necessary含义相反,可排除influential“有很大影响的”和intrinsic“固有的,内在的,本身的”;由simply一词及上下文语义可知空格处的含义应该是“(仅仅这样做)是不够的”,只有A项insufficient符合文意。
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考研英语一
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