首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
New research asks whether psychopaths are born that way, or are made so by their upbringings. That, of course, is rather a crude
New research asks whether psychopaths are born that way, or are made so by their upbringings. That, of course, is rather a crude
admin
2019-06-26
86
问题
New research asks whether psychopaths are born that way, or are made so by their upbringings. That, of course, is rather a crude way of putting it. After decades of debate, biologists have come to understand what was blindingly obvious to most laymen—which is that rather than being shaped by nature or nurture, most behavioural traits are the result of an interaction between the two. Nevertheless, one or the other can still be the dominant factor. And the study in question suggests that in the case of psychopathy, the genetic side is very important indeed.
Researchers have drawn their conclusion from a study of twins. The twins in question are on the books of a long-term project known as the Twins Early Development Study(TEDS), which has been following several thousand twins since their births in 1994 and 1995. Among other things, many of the twins in TEDS have been assessed both for a tendency to bad behaviour("conduct disorder", in the argot of the field)and for the display of what are referred to as callous-unemotional traits, such as a lack of feelings of guilt after doing something wrong, or not having at least one good friend. In adults, callous and unemotional traits are symptoms of psychopathy, and those who display such traits in childhood frequently keep them into adult life. The assessments were done by the children’s teachers, whom years of experience have shown are more objective and accurate than a child’s parents.
Based on the teachers’ assessments, the researchers identified the naughtiest 10% of the individuals in their sample—in other words those with severe conduct disorder. They then subdivided these children into those with psychopathic traits and those without and asked, in each case, whether an individual’s twin showed bad behaviour, psychopathy, or both. Their analysis showed that bad behaviour without psychopathy has relatively little genetic component—less than a third. By contrast, four-fifths of the difference in behaviour between the general population and children with psychopathic traits seems to lie in the genes.
Though the genes in question have yet to be identified, this result suggests they are too abundant to be there by chance—in other words they are being kept in the population by natural selection because psychopathic behaviour confers a selective advantage. If it does, such an advantage probably pertains only when psychopaths are in the minority(a state of affairs known to biologists as a balanced polymorphism). But it does mean that far from being an aberrant behaviour, psychopathy may be disturbingly normal.
The phrase "argot of the field"(line 5, para. 2)most probably means______.
选项
A、specialized vocabulary in biology
B、specialized vocabulary in TEDS
C、specialized vocabulary in twin research
D、specialized vocabulary in psychopathy
答案
D
解析
属语义题。A项范围过大。本文陈述的是关于精神病患者的研究,所以文中的field指的应该是这一领域,因此答案为D。而twin research和TEDS只是其中的具体个案或项目。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/n29Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslarg
Whenpeopletalkabouta"north-southdivide"inBritain,theyusuallyrefertohouseprices,employmentandtheratioofprivat
Threeyearsago,onJanuary13th,RukhsarKhatun,then15monthsold,wasdiagnosedwithpolio.Shenowhasacrippledlegands
Thisweek,agaggleofgirlsinhotpantsandminiskirtswillgoonalongandhighlypublicizedstrikeagainsttheiremployer.
Havetherealwaysbeencities?Thetrendiscitiesareincreasinglybecomingthedominantmodeofman’ssocialexistence.【F1】It
[A]Sowhatdoesthisteachus?WelearnthatintheUnitedStates,wealthychildrenattendingpublicschoolsthatservetheweal
RunningfortheofficeofthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesisexceptionallyarduousandshouldnotbeundertakenbythe【C1】___
Entirecitiesandcountieshavebannedthem.McDonald’sandKFChavedeclaredtogivethemup—ashaveStarbucks,RubyTuesday,a
Entirecitiesandcountieshavebannedthem.McDonald’sandKFChavedeclaredtogivethemup—ashaveStarbucks,RubyTuesday,a
随机试题
A.T细胞B.B细胞C.NK细胞D.K细胞E.树突状细胞(DC)胸腺依赖淋巴细胞是指
急性胆囊炎的主要病因是
目前使用的大多数打印机是通过()接口与计算机连接的。
某煤矿所穿过的岩层比较复杂,设计石门支护结构主要采用锚杆和喷射素混凝土支护;对于巷道支护,喷射素混凝土的设计强度等级不应低于()。
对有抗震设防要求的影剧院建筑,大厅与两侧附属房间之间:()
证券发行人的权利是指()。
下列关于统计表中数据的说法,错误的是( )。
下列绘画门类中,以线条单纯、场面热闹为特点的“五谷丰登”“胖娃娃”之类的画作属于()。
国务院向科学家颁发最高科学技术奖,奖励500万元人民币。该行政行为是()。
犯罪嫌疑人自()之日起,有权委托辩护人。
最新回复
(
0
)