首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
New research asks whether psychopaths are born that way, or are made so by their upbringings. That, of course, is rather a crude
New research asks whether psychopaths are born that way, or are made so by their upbringings. That, of course, is rather a crude
admin
2019-06-26
91
问题
New research asks whether psychopaths are born that way, or are made so by their upbringings. That, of course, is rather a crude way of putting it. After decades of debate, biologists have come to understand what was blindingly obvious to most laymen—which is that rather than being shaped by nature or nurture, most behavioural traits are the result of an interaction between the two. Nevertheless, one or the other can still be the dominant factor. And the study in question suggests that in the case of psychopathy, the genetic side is very important indeed.
Researchers have drawn their conclusion from a study of twins. The twins in question are on the books of a long-term project known as the Twins Early Development Study(TEDS), which has been following several thousand twins since their births in 1994 and 1995. Among other things, many of the twins in TEDS have been assessed both for a tendency to bad behaviour("conduct disorder", in the argot of the field)and for the display of what are referred to as callous-unemotional traits, such as a lack of feelings of guilt after doing something wrong, or not having at least one good friend. In adults, callous and unemotional traits are symptoms of psychopathy, and those who display such traits in childhood frequently keep them into adult life. The assessments were done by the children’s teachers, whom years of experience have shown are more objective and accurate than a child’s parents.
Based on the teachers’ assessments, the researchers identified the naughtiest 10% of the individuals in their sample—in other words those with severe conduct disorder. They then subdivided these children into those with psychopathic traits and those without and asked, in each case, whether an individual’s twin showed bad behaviour, psychopathy, or both. Their analysis showed that bad behaviour without psychopathy has relatively little genetic component—less than a third. By contrast, four-fifths of the difference in behaviour between the general population and children with psychopathic traits seems to lie in the genes.
Though the genes in question have yet to be identified, this result suggests they are too abundant to be there by chance—in other words they are being kept in the population by natural selection because psychopathic behaviour confers a selective advantage. If it does, such an advantage probably pertains only when psychopaths are in the minority(a state of affairs known to biologists as a balanced polymorphism). But it does mean that far from being an aberrant behaviour, psychopathy may be disturbingly normal.
The phrase "argot of the field"(line 5, para. 2)most probably means______.
选项
A、specialized vocabulary in biology
B、specialized vocabulary in TEDS
C、specialized vocabulary in twin research
D、specialized vocabulary in psychopathy
答案
D
解析
属语义题。A项范围过大。本文陈述的是关于精神病患者的研究,所以文中的field指的应该是这一领域,因此答案为D。而twin research和TEDS只是其中的具体个案或项目。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/n29Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslarg
Ayoungwomangoestouniversityandearnsadegreeinreligiousandwomen’sstudies.Intheprocessshepilesupsome$100,000
Themethodsoftestingaperson’sknowledgeandabilityremainasprimitiveasevertheywere.Afteralltheseyears,education
[A]Sowhatdoesthisteachus?WelearnthatintheUnitedStates,wealthychildrenattendingpublicschoolsthatservetheweal
Formanypeople,emotionsareascarything.【C1】______oftheproblemisthatwejustdon’tknowwhattodowiththem,according
RunningfortheofficeofthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesisexceptionallyarduousandshouldnotbeundertakenbythe【C1】___
RunningfortheofficeofthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesisexceptionallyarduousandshouldnotbeundertakenbythe【C1】___
AsinglenightoftakingthedrugEcstasycancauseseriousbraindamageandhastenthe【B1】______ofParkinson’sdisease,scienti
Noonecan【C1】______HowardSchultzofinactionsincehereturnedaschiefexecutiveofStarbucks,thefirmhebuiltintoamulti
Noonecan【C1】______HowardSchultzofinactionsincehereturnedaschiefexecutiveofStarbucks,thefirmhebuiltintoamulti
随机试题
与上颌骨没有直接接触的是
根据2012年版目录说明,“备注”栏内标注“△”号表示()。
《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》适用于()在不同国家的当事人之间所订立的货物销售合同
燃气管在安装完毕,压力试验前进行吹扫,吹扫流速不宜低于()m/s。
头脑风暴法应该遵循的基本原则包括()
下列做法符合宪法或者法律规定的是:
疑病症,又称疑病性神经症,指对自身感觉或征象作出患有不切实际的病态解释,致使整个心身被由此产生的疑虑、烦恼和恐惧所占据的一种神经症。以对自身健康的过分关心和持久难以消除的成见为特点。患者怀疑自己患了某种事实上并不存在的疾病,医生的解释和客观检查均不足以消除
1.TheNationalFinanceSectionannouncedtodaythatitisloweringthe______onsavingsbonds.2.The______pointdeclineto6%
Completethenotesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.FieldTriptoKenyaAreao
Inthispassage,itmentioned______kindsofbed.Thepassageismainlyabout______.
最新回复
(
0
)