首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epi
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epi
admin
2011-01-06
72
问题
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epidemiologists(流行病专家)following the paths of disease-causing microbes have identified their suspects by features of bacterial polysaccharide(多糖) coats, susceptibility to different antibiotics, or other schemes But these tracking techniques "are losing their relevance (相关性,实用性), "says Alexander Tomasz, a microbiologist at Rockefeller University in New York City. With the increase in drug resistance, a variety of resistant microbes can now wear the same coat or be resistant to the same drugs, making it harder and harder to keep tabs on individual strains (菌株).
Epidemiologists, therefore, are increasingly turning to more precise molecular typing techniques, such as DNA fingerprinting, to distinguish resistant strains.
DNA typing tools are, of course, not new. Indeed, some DNA-based methods, such as comparing plasmids (质体)(small rings of DNA outside the chromosomes 〈染色体〉), have been used by epidemiologists to track infections since the 1970s. but since plasmid DNA is transferred easily and often between different strains, that technique too has its limitations.
More recent techniques use restriction enzymes to cut apart entire bacterial chromosomes into strain-specific fragment patterns, Another method uses specific radiolabeled (放射标汇的) DNA probes, in a technique known as Southern hybridization(杂交), to test for the presence of a particular drug-resistance gene in a bacterial strain. "Such tools give epidemiologists, unprecedented resolving power for identifying reservoirs and transition routes of genes and pathogens, "says Tomasz. That has helped researchers track a number of drug-resistant clones as they travel vast distances.
Such tracking methods also "help us learn about the mechanism of resistance, "says CDC(疾病控制和预防中心) epidemiologist Robert Breiman. Resistance grows, he explains, either as one resistant organism spreads from one location to the next—as in the Brazilian MRSA(耐甲氧苯青素金黄色葡萄球菌)—or as different strains and even species of microbes share the genes responsible for drug resistance, as a series of studies of vancomycin(万古霉素) resistance recently demonstrated.
That knowledge also helps public health officials combat the spread. If resistance spreads "horizontally’as a microbe increases its range, Breiman says it’s important to focus prevention efforts on minimizing person-to-person spread in hospitals and day-care centers. If, however, resistance genes are jumping between organisms, that suggests that overly aggressive antibiotic treatment is encouraging nonresistant bugs to acquire new genes. "In such cases, the focus needs to be on controlling anti-microbial use, "says Breiman. The hoped-for result: fewer infections to track.
According to Alexander Tomasz, the traditional tracking techniques are turning out to be efficient.
选项
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
答案
B
解析
见第一段“But these tracking techniques are losing their relevance, ”says Alexander Tomasz. 亚历山大·托马滋说:“这些追踪技术正在失去它们的实用性。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/n71d777K
本试题收录于:
职称英语卫生类B级题库职称英语分类
0
职称英语卫生类B级
职称英语
相关试题推荐
Recently,amanwhowasalwaysingoodhealth,spentaweekinbedwithsevereflu.Itwastheworstillnessinhislife.Thepr
Formostdogowners,theexpression"worklikeadog"doesn’tmakemuchsense.Whilethetypicalcaninecompanioncertainlygive
Whatdowethinkofwhenweheartheword"business"?Someofusthinkofourjogs,othersofthemerchantstheydealwithasco
IntheUnitedStates,itisimportanttobepunctualforanappointment,aclass,ameeting,etc.Thismaynotbetrueinallco
Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.【R1】______Theyhavebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupat
Readthefollowingpassageandanswerquestions9-18.1.Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformsofphysicalactivity.Itmaybewalk
Wehadamapbutitwasdifficulttofindthezoo.Althoughwehadamap,we____________________findthezooeasily.
AImprovementinResearchingDiseasesBTheResultsofPlantDiseasesCMistakemadeinDiagnosisDKillingInsectsEAMaj
Didyoudothattoirritateher?
Don’tirritateher,shehatestobedisturbedwhensleeping.
随机试题
女,25岁。自10岁起发作性喘息,每逢春天易发病,尤其在花园或郊外等环境。此次发作已2天,自服氨茶碱无效,前来急诊。下列哪项是不妥当的
(2009年第53题)乙型脑炎的特征性病变是
麻疹出疹在幼儿急疹出疹在
流式细胞仪采集的荧光信号反映
根据《麻醉药品和精神药品管理条例》规定,全国性批发企业
企业质量管理体系获准认证的有效期为()年。
操作技能的形成阶段有哪些?各阶段的动作特点是怎样的?
根据《宪法》的规定,修改宪法的职权属于()
某金库发生了失窃案。公安机关侦查确定,这是一起典型的内盗案,可以断定金库管理员甲、乙、丙、丁中至少有一人是作案者。办案人员对四人进行了询问,四人的回答如下:甲:“如果乙不是窃贼,我也不是窃贼。”乙:“我不是窃贼,丙是窃贼。”丙
Basedonthescenariosbelow,whatistheexpectedreturnforaportfoliowiththefollowingreturnprofile?______.
最新回复
(
0
)