首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epi
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epi
admin
2011-01-06
63
问题
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epidemiologists(流行病专家)following the paths of disease-causing microbes have identified their suspects by features of bacterial polysaccharide(多糖) coats, susceptibility to different antibiotics, or other schemes But these tracking techniques "are losing their relevance (相关性,实用性), "says Alexander Tomasz, a microbiologist at Rockefeller University in New York City. With the increase in drug resistance, a variety of resistant microbes can now wear the same coat or be resistant to the same drugs, making it harder and harder to keep tabs on individual strains (菌株).
Epidemiologists, therefore, are increasingly turning to more precise molecular typing techniques, such as DNA fingerprinting, to distinguish resistant strains.
DNA typing tools are, of course, not new. Indeed, some DNA-based methods, such as comparing plasmids (质体)(small rings of DNA outside the chromosomes 〈染色体〉), have been used by epidemiologists to track infections since the 1970s. but since plasmid DNA is transferred easily and often between different strains, that technique too has its limitations.
More recent techniques use restriction enzymes to cut apart entire bacterial chromosomes into strain-specific fragment patterns, Another method uses specific radiolabeled (放射标汇的) DNA probes, in a technique known as Southern hybridization(杂交), to test for the presence of a particular drug-resistance gene in a bacterial strain. "Such tools give epidemiologists, unprecedented resolving power for identifying reservoirs and transition routes of genes and pathogens, "says Tomasz. That has helped researchers track a number of drug-resistant clones as they travel vast distances.
Such tracking methods also "help us learn about the mechanism of resistance, "says CDC(疾病控制和预防中心) epidemiologist Robert Breiman. Resistance grows, he explains, either as one resistant organism spreads from one location to the next—as in the Brazilian MRSA(耐甲氧苯青素金黄色葡萄球菌)—or as different strains and even species of microbes share the genes responsible for drug resistance, as a series of studies of vancomycin(万古霉素) resistance recently demonstrated.
That knowledge also helps public health officials combat the spread. If resistance spreads "horizontally’as a microbe increases its range, Breiman says it’s important to focus prevention efforts on minimizing person-to-person spread in hospitals and day-care centers. If, however, resistance genes are jumping between organisms, that suggests that overly aggressive antibiotic treatment is encouraging nonresistant bugs to acquire new genes. "In such cases, the focus needs to be on controlling anti-microbial use, "says Breiman. The hoped-for result: fewer infections to track.
According to Alexander Tomasz, the traditional tracking techniques are turning out to be efficient.
选项
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
答案
B
解析
见第一段“But these tracking techniques are losing their relevance, ”says Alexander Tomasz. 亚历山大·托马滋说:“这些追踪技术正在失去它们的实用性。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/n71d777K
本试题收录于:
职称英语卫生类B级题库职称英语分类
0
职称英语卫生类B级
职称英语
相关试题推荐
Theinfluenceofclimateonbehaviorappearsall-pervasive.Indeed,whocanclaimthatweatherfactorshavenoinfluenceonthei
Theinfluenceofclimateonbehaviorappearsall-pervasive.Indeed,whocanclaimthatweatherfactorshavenoinfluenceonthei
Lookatthequestionsforthispart.Youwillhearapassageabout"ALittleHouseintheBigWoods".Youwilllistentoit
Youaregoingtoreadamagazinearticleinwhichfivepeopletalkaboutrailwayjourneys.Forquestions22-35,choosefromthe
Youaregoingtoreadamagazinearticleinwhichfivepeopletalkaboutrailwayjourneys.Forquestions22-35,choosefromthe
MOUNTAINCLIMBINGOneofthemostdifficultbutrewardingofpastimesisthesportofmountainclimbing.Mountainclimbing
THETRAINJOURNEY0YouknowIwasgoingdowntoLondontostaywithmyfriend00Aliceduringtheholidays.Well,thetr
Marydidn’tfinditdifficulttopassherdrivingtest.difficultyMaryhad____________________herdrivingtest.
AImprovementinResearchingDiseasesBTheResultsofPlantDiseasesCMistakemadeinDiagnosisDKillingInsectsEAMaj
随机试题
A.体外冲击波碎石B.输尿管肾镜取石C.输尿管肾镜碎石D.经皮肾镜取石E.输尿管切开取石大于2.5cm的肾盂结石最适宜
滴眼剂的质量要求中除进行性状、鉴别、含量测定外,不属于应检查的项目是:
对于卵巢黏液性囊腺癌说法下列不恰当的是
三又神经痛的好发年龄为
某石油精炼厂自平均有效源高60m处排放的S02量为809/s,有效源高处的平均风速为6m/s,估算冬季阴天正下风向距离烟囱500m处地面上的S02浓度为( )。(稳定度为D时,x=500m,σy=35.3m, σz=l8.1m)
工程项目工作分解结构(WBS)可用()形式表达。
内框架承重体系荷载的主要传递路线是()
增值税专用发票的基本联次统一规定为三联,其中第三联为()。
销售包装的作用不包括()
甲公司2014年10月与乙公司签订一项供销合同,由于甲公司未按合同发货,致使乙公司发生重大经济损失而被乙公司起诉,至2014年12月31日法院尚未判决。甲公司2014年12月31日在资产负债表中的“预计负债”项目反映了800万元的预计赔偿款。2015年3月
最新回复
(
0
)