首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epi
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epi
admin
2011-01-06
36
问题
Antibiotic resistance doesn’t just make pathogens(病原体) difficult to treat, It also makes them harder to track Traditionally, epidemiologists(流行病专家)following the paths of disease-causing microbes have identified their suspects by features of bacterial polysaccharide(多糖) coats, susceptibility to different antibiotics, or other schemes But these tracking techniques "are losing their relevance (相关性,实用性), "says Alexander Tomasz, a microbiologist at Rockefeller University in New York City. With the increase in drug resistance, a variety of resistant microbes can now wear the same coat or be resistant to the same drugs, making it harder and harder to keep tabs on individual strains (菌株).
Epidemiologists, therefore, are increasingly turning to more precise molecular typing techniques, such as DNA fingerprinting, to distinguish resistant strains.
DNA typing tools are, of course, not new. Indeed, some DNA-based methods, such as comparing plasmids (质体)(small rings of DNA outside the chromosomes 〈染色体〉), have been used by epidemiologists to track infections since the 1970s. but since plasmid DNA is transferred easily and often between different strains, that technique too has its limitations.
More recent techniques use restriction enzymes to cut apart entire bacterial chromosomes into strain-specific fragment patterns, Another method uses specific radiolabeled (放射标汇的) DNA probes, in a technique known as Southern hybridization(杂交), to test for the presence of a particular drug-resistance gene in a bacterial strain. "Such tools give epidemiologists, unprecedented resolving power for identifying reservoirs and transition routes of genes and pathogens, "says Tomasz. That has helped researchers track a number of drug-resistant clones as they travel vast distances.
Such tracking methods also "help us learn about the mechanism of resistance, "says CDC(疾病控制和预防中心) epidemiologist Robert Breiman. Resistance grows, he explains, either as one resistant organism spreads from one location to the next—as in the Brazilian MRSA(耐甲氧苯青素金黄色葡萄球菌)—or as different strains and even species of microbes share the genes responsible for drug resistance, as a series of studies of vancomycin(万古霉素) resistance recently demonstrated.
That knowledge also helps public health officials combat the spread. If resistance spreads "horizontally’as a microbe increases its range, Breiman says it’s important to focus prevention efforts on minimizing person-to-person spread in hospitals and day-care centers. If, however, resistance genes are jumping between organisms, that suggests that overly aggressive antibiotic treatment is encouraging nonresistant bugs to acquire new genes. "In such cases, the focus needs to be on controlling anti-microbial use, "says Breiman. The hoped-for result: fewer infections to track.
According to Alexander Tomasz, the traditional tracking techniques are turning out to be efficient.
选项
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
答案
B
解析
见第一段“But these tracking techniques are losing their relevance, ”says Alexander Tomasz. 亚历山大·托马滋说:“这些追踪技术正在失去它们的实用性。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/n71d777K
本试题收录于:
职称英语卫生类B级题库职称英语分类
0
职称英语卫生类B级
职称英语
相关试题推荐
Recently,amanwhowasalwaysingoodhealth,spentaweekinbedwithsevereflu.Itwastheworstillnessinhislife.Thepr
Sincethebeginningoftheyear,myofficehasbecomearomanticbattlefield.Threerelationships,lastingtwoorthreeyears,h
Formostdogowners,theexpression"worklikeadog"doesn’tmakemuchsense.Whilethetypicalcaninecompanioncertainlygive
Whatdowethinkofwhenweheartheword"business"?Someofusthinkofourjogs,othersofthemerchantstheydealwithasco
MOUNTAINCLIMBINGOneofthemostdifficultbutrewardingofpastimesisthesportofmountainclimbing.Mountainclimbing
MOUNTAINCLIMBINGOneofthemostdifficultbutrewardingofpastimesisthesportofmountainclimbing.Mountainclimbing
CallingforSafeCelebrationsLastFourthofJuly,Pete,a14-year-oldboy,wasenjoyingthelit-upskiesandloudboomsfro
LongBusRideLongbusridesareliketelevisionshows.Theyhaveabeginning,amiddle,andanend-withcommercialsthrown
CallingforSafeCelebrations LastFourthofJuly,Pete,a14-year-oldboy,wasenjoyingthelit-upskiesandloudboomsfromthe
CallingforSafeCelebrations LastFourthofJuly,Pete,a14-year-oldboy,wasenjoyingthelit-upskiesandloudboomsfromthe
随机试题
行政组织运行方式的人治观念认为,行政组织内外治理的好坏,关键在于()
TheexhibitionisdesignedtofacilitatefurthercooperationbetweenChineseTVindustryandoverseasTVindustries.
为了及早发现慢性心房颤动病人电复律术后的严重并发症,最主要的观察项目是
依法必须招标项目的招标公告和公示信息应当在()或者项目所在地省级电子招标投标公共服务平台发布。
在施工组织设计中,施工总平面图的一个特点是()。
资质许可机关的上级机关,根据利害关系人的请求或者依据职权,可以撤销建筑业企业资质的情形是()。
其他条件不变的情况下,下列经济业务可能导致资产净利率下降的是( )。
在计划利用专家的工作时,注册会计师通常不需要考虑的因素是()。
国务院办公厅发布的《政府部门涉企信息统一归集公示工作实施方案》明确,将目前分散在各地区、各有关部门()统一归集到国家企业信用信息公示系统并对外公示。
《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》规定的新民主主义经济建设的政策是()。
最新回复
(
0
)