首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
PASSAGE FOUR (1) A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to d
PASSAGE FOUR (1) A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to d
admin
2022-08-07
159
问题
PASSAGE FOUR
(1) A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a link between a company’s success and the personality of its boss. To work out what that personality was, they asked senior managers to score their bosses for such traits as an ability to communicate an exciting vision of the future or to stand as a good model for others to follow. When the data were analyzed, the researchers found no evidence of a connection between how well a firm was doing and what its boss was like. As far as they could tell, a company could not be judged by its chief executive any better than a book could be judged by its cover.
(2) A few years before this, however, a team of psychologists from Tufts University, led by Nalini Ambady, discovered that when people watched two-second-long film-clips of professors lecturing, they were pretty good at determining how able a teacher each professor actually was. At the end of the study, the perceptions generated by those who had watched only the clips were found to match those of students taught by those self-same professors for a full semester.
(3) Now, Dr Ambady and her colleague, Nicholas Rule, have taken things a step further. They have shown that even a still photograph can convey a lot of information about competence—and that it can do so in a way which suggests the assessments of all those senior managers were poppycock.
(4) Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule showed 100 undergraduates the faces of the chief executives of the top 25 and the bottom 25 companies in the Fortune 1,000 list. Half the students were asked how good they thought the person they were looking at would be at leading a company and half were asked to rate five personality traits on the basis of the photograph. These traits were competence, dominance, likeability, facial maturity (in other words, did the individual have an adult-looking face or a baby-face) and trustworthiness.
(5) By a useful (though hardly unexpected) coincidence, all the businessmen were male and all were white, so there were no confounding variables of race or sex. The study even controlled for age, the emotional expression in the photos and the physical attractiveness of the individuals by obtaining separate ratings of these from other students and using statistical techniques to remove their effects.
(6) This may sound like voodoo. Psychologists spent much of the 20th century denigrating the work of 19th-century physiognomists and phrenologists who thought the shapes of faces and skulls carry information about personality. However, recent work has shown that such traits can, indeed, be assessed from photographs of faces with a reasonable accuracy.
(7) And Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule were surprised by just how accurate the students’ observations were. The results of their study, which are about to be published in Psychological Science, show that both the students’ assessments of the leadership potential of the bosses and their ratings for the traits of competence, dominance and facial maturity were significantly related to a company’s profits. Moreover, the researchers discovered that these two connections were independent of each other. When they controlled for the "power" traits, they still found the link between perceived leadership and profit, and when they controlled for leadership they still found the link between profit and power.
(8) These findings suggest that instant judgments by the ignorant (nobody even recognized Warren Buffett) are more accurate than assessments made by well-informed professionals. It looks as if knowing a chief executive disrupts the ability to judge his performance.
(9) Sadly, the characteristics of likeability and trustworthiness appear to have no link to company profits, suggesting that when it comes to business success, being warm and fuzzy does not matter much (though these traits are not harmful). But this result also suggests yet another thing that stock market analysts might care to take into account when preparing their reports: the physiognomy of the chief executive.
Dr Ambady and Nicholas Rule ______.
选项
A、prove senior managers like talking nonsense
B、demonstrate the development of the research
C、generally agree with the scholars in Yale University
D、denigrate the work of the former researchers
答案
B
解析
根据题干中的Dr Ambady and Nicholas Rule定位到第3段第3段第1句的take things a step further表明Dr Ambady和Nicholas Rule进一步证明了研究成果,因此B项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/nBjJ777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
某露天采石场位于甲省乙市,成立于2006年,公司主营砂岩露天开采加工及销售,生产产品主要为建筑用砂石料。采石场采用自上而下的分层顺序开采,单层高度6m,采用潜孔钻凿岩,2号岩石乳化炸药进行爆破。目前该矿共有2个分层处于开采中,分别为1号分层和2号分层。
Toreduceconfusionandineffciency,________officesuppliesshouldnowbeorderedthroughthenewonlinesystem.
PeopleunanimouslyagreedthatJohnwouldhaveperformedagreatdealbetterundermore________circumstances.
李倩在遇到问题时能主动思考并提出自己的看法,一旦做出决定就能坚持到底,勇于承担责任,有什么想不通的也会与别人进行沟通交流。这些表现说明李倩的性格类型属于()。
Whatistherecordingmainlyabout?
A、Becauseitseffectmaylingerforalmost10hours.B、Becauseitdisturbsthewaypeoplefeelindaytime.C、Becauseitaccelera
NoEnglishmanbelievesinworkingfrombooklearning.Hesuspectseverythingnew,anddislikesit,unlesshecanbecompelledb
A、Canoeingverywell.B、Swimmingverywell.C、Identifyingthedirectionwell.D、Distinguishingsawgrassfromtallgrass.C短文中提到
A、Ithadbeenstolenbysomeone.B、Ithadbeenmovedtothenextblock.C、Ithadbeenparkedatawrongplace.D、Ithadbeentak
面试是企业评价求职者的传统方法,雇佣面试应成功达到的目标有()。
随机试题
A.精子细胞B.精母细胞C.次级精母细胞D.肌样细胞不再进行分裂只进行变态的是()
有以下程序#include<stdio.h>main(){inti=1,k=0;for(;i<6;){switch(i%3)
以下不属于20世纪90年代以来管理理论新发展的成果的是()
当保险合同中记载的内容不一致时,下列说法正确的是:()
背景资料:某高速公路N合同段路基工程施工,工期18个月,其中K23+200~K32+200路段以填方为主,合同段附近地表土主要是高液限黏土(液限值在38~49之间),在较远地带分布有膨胀土、沼泽土、盐渍土、有机土、粉土、砂型土等。出于控制造价的考
《会计法》规定,()对本单位会计工作和会计资料的真实性、完整性负责。
根据物权法理论,下列各项中,属于准物权的是()。(2008年。经调整)
2013年全国城镇居民人均可支配收人同比增长约为()。
窗体中有文本框Text1。运行程序,输入大于0的整数m,单击按钮Command1,程序显示由星号组成的高度和边长均为m的平行四边形。例如,当m=5时,显示图形如下。************
某学校初中二年级五班的物理老师要求学生两人一组制作一份物理课件。小曾与小张自愿组合,他们制作完成的第一章后三节内容见文档“第3-5节.pptx”,前两节内容存放在文本文件“第1-2节.pptx”中。小张需要按下列要求完成课件的整合制作:在第6张幻灯片
最新回复
(
0
)