2. 外语
  3. The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet (饮食), including a variety of fruits and gre

The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet (饮食), including a variety of fruits and gre

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问题      The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet (饮食), including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. (79)It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.
     An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as “beri-beri”. (80) It used to distress large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice. In the early years of this century, a scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of “beri-beri”. At first he thought it was caused by a germ. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had the outer husk (外壳) removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.
     Eijkman thought his germ theory was confirmed when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on leftovers (剩饭) from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to isolate the germ, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who declared that the polished rice, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be rebooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap rice with the outer layer still on the grain.
     Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unpolished rice somehow prevented or cured “beri-beri” even that a lack of some element in the husk might be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent “beri-beri” was shortly afterwards isolated from rice husks and is now known as vitamin B. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.  
The chickens Eijkman noticed in the hospital yard______
选项 A、couldn’t digest the polished rice
B、proved “beri-beri” is caused by germs
C、were later cooked for the patients’ food
D、were suffering from “beri-beri”
答案D
解析 本题考查考生对文章细节的理解。A项未提到。B项是对文章第三段第一句话的曲解，这句话说，艾克曼开始的时候认为鸡吃了精米后生病是因为细菌的传染，但是后来第四段说，当鸡吃了糙米以后逐渐变得健康，这使得艾克曼放弃了自己之前的理论，开始觉得这种疾病是由于精米中缺乏某种物质造成的。C项未提及。因此选D。
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