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  3. In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protec

In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protec

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问题     In a sense, the new protectionism is not protectionism at all, at least not in the traditional sense of the term. The old protectionism referred only to trade restricting and trade expanding devices, such as the tariff or export【C1】________. The new protectionism is much broader than this: it includes interventions into foreign trade but is not limited to them. The new protectionism, in fact, refers to how the whole of government intervention into the private economy affects international trade. The emphasis on trade is still there, thus came the term "protection". But what is new is the realization that virtually all government activities can affect international economic relations.
    The【C2】________of the new protectionism in the western world reflects the victory of the interventionist, or welfare economy over the market economy. Jab Tumiler writes, "The old protectionism【C3】________, without any apparent intellectual difficulty with the acceptance of the market as a national as well as an international economic distribution mechanism—indeed, protectionists as well as (if not more than) free traders stood for laissez-faire (放任政策). Now, as in the 1930s, protectionism is an expression of a profound skepticism as to the ability of die market to【C3】________resources and incomes to society’s satisfaction. "
    It is precisely this profound skepticism of the market economy that is responsible for the protectionism. In a market economy, economic change of various colors【C5】________ redistribution of resources and incomes. The same opinion in many communities apparently is that such redistributions often are not proper. Therefore, the government【C6】________to bring about a more desired result.
    The victory of the welfare state is almost 7 in northern Europe. In Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, and the Netherlands, government intervention in almost all aspects of economic and social life is considered normal. In Great Britain this is only somewhat less true. Government【C8】________has played a very active role in economic life in France and continued to do so. Only West Germany dares to go against the tide towards【C9】________interventionism in Western Europe. It also happens to be the most successful Western European economy.
    The welfare state has made significant progress in the United States as well as in Western Europe. Social security, unemployment insurance, 【C10】________wage laws, and rent control are by now traditional welfare state elements on the American scene.
    A) coexisted        F) implies       K) minimum
    B) complete         G) inaugurate    L) notorious
    C) distribute       H) intervenes    M) plausibly
    D) emergence        I) locomotive    N) subsidy
    E) excessive        J) manipulation  O) traditionally
【C1】
选项
答案N
解析 名词辨析题。根据空格前的such as the tariff or export可知，空格处缺少名词。such as前提到Bade restricting and trade expanding devices“贸易限制和贸易扩张手段”，such as后的the tariff“关税”是贸易限制手段，那么空格处就应该是贸易扩张的手段了。备选名词中的subsidy“补贴，津贴”与export搭配，意为“出口补贴”，是贸易扩张的手段，故N)为正确答案。
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