首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Economics According to the discussion, governments influence economic activity through which methods? Click on two answers.
Economics According to the discussion, governments influence economic activity through which methods? Click on two answers.
admin
2012-01-14
51
问题
Economics
According to the discussion, governments influence economic activity through which methods? Click on two answers.
M1: The large economic unit called the "corporation" has come to define business activity in a modern industrial-service economy. Even a mid-sized corporation employs thousands of people, serves hundreds of thousands of customers, and controls assets and does business amounting to several million dollars. The growing power of corporations has brought increased intervention by the only body with sufficient strength and scope to match corporate power. And what body is this? What has enough power to control the corporation?
W: The government.
M1: Yes. The federal government. The economic role of the government has grown tremendously over the past century, as more and more corporate activities have come under regulation. Why has this happened?
M2: Well, to prevent fraud against stockholders, for one thing. Also, to protect customers from fraud, like false advertising.
W: To protect the workers. For example, laws against child labor ... and unsafe working conditions.
M1: Yes. These are all reasons why we have government regulation of business. Not just in this country, but in most advanced industrial and service economies, governments have taken on an increasing role in economic affairs. Let’s take a minute to review what we talked about last time. What are the methods that governments use to influence economic activities? Elizabeth?
W: Taxes. Taxes encourage or discourage certain kinds of economic activity. Taxes are also a way for the government to get money to spend on programs.
M1: That’s right. So ... OK, there’s taxes and ... what else? Joshua?
M2: Government spending-the government gives business incentives to produce certain goods or services. Also ... uh ... spending could take the form of a tax break, or it could be a direct payment, like a government contract, or a grant or a subsidy.
M1: Yes, that’s right. Governments intervene in economic activity through taxation and spending. A third method, of course, what we’ve just been talking about: regulation. There’s been a tremendous increase in the laws and regulations governing the economic affairs of complex societies like ours. Beginning in the late 1800s, our political leaders rejected the idea that "government governs best which governs least." The government started to use its power to police the economic system. One of the first things the government did was to limit the exercise of monopoly power by regulating railroads and public utilities. After that, the government began regulating utility rates--costs for telephone, electricity, fuel, and so on. Since then, a whole set of industries has come under government regulation: financial markets, the airlines, trucking, barge and water traffic, oil and natural gas pipelines, and so on. Also, in recent decades there’s been a rapid growth of social regulation. What do I mean by social regulation?
W: Uh ... things like ... like laws that require a food package to list all the ingredients?
M1: Yes, that’s a good example. There are a number of laws regulating food and cosmetics. Social regulation also includes the laws that were first passed to protect workers in mines, and then workers in general. Now there are laws that protect all of society--for example, regulations for air and water pollution, and for storage and disposal of hazardous materials like nuclear waste. There are also safety standards for automobiles and consumer products, such as car seats for babies. All of these are forms of social regulation. We’ve come a long way since the days of laissez-faire capitalism, when business ran free and unchecked by government. When the political leaders of the nineteenth century first started proposing
regulation of business, this was considered a radical idea. However, with the passage of time, the radical ideas of that era became the accepted convictions of today. The general public has come to accept-and even expect-these limits on capitalism.
选项
A、Taxation
B、Elections
C、Spending
D、Diplomacy
答案
AC
解析
Governments influence economic activity through taxation and spending: Taxes encourage or discourage certain kinds of economic activity; Government spending— the government gives business incentives to produce certain goods or services; Governments intervene in economic activity through taxation and spending. (2.2)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/nLyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeclaimsofthewriterinReadingPassage2?Inboxes23-26onyouranswersheetwrite
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage3?Inboxes36-40onyouranswersheet,writeTR
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,CorD.Writeyouranswersinboxes24-26onyouranswersheet.AccordingtoRossSimmons,whi
Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,CorD.Writethecorrectletterinboxes33-37onyouranswersheet.ThewritermentionsIrvi
Matchinginformationandfeature.OutofAfrica:solarenergyfromSaharaVivienneWaltreportsonhowtheSaharaDesertcouldo
AncientPeopleinSaharaOnOct.13,2000,PaulSereno,aprofessorfromtheUniversityofChicago,guidedateamofpalaeon
ThePearlA.Thepearlhasalwayshadaspecialstatusintherichandpowerfulallthroughthehistory.Forinstance,women
Gestures—especially______ones.Put______onboardandstudentslabelit.
Completethelecturenotes.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.PurposeoftheminilectureToexperience【T32】______
CircleTHREElettersA~E.WhichTHREEofthefollowingusesofdamwaterarementioned?(A)providingwaterforlivestock(B)wate
随机试题
简述英王亨利二世的司法改革。(南京师范大学2016年世界通史真题)
什么叫重水?
无罪证据
最易引起阑尾穿孔的是
为加强医疗机构抗菌药物临床应用管理,规范抗菌药物临床应用行为,提高抗菌药物临床应用水平,促进临床合理应用抗菌药物,控制细菌耐药,保障医疗质量和医疗安全,卫计委根据相关卫生法律法规,制定《抗菌药物临床应用管理办法》,自2012年8月1日起施行。由于临床需要,
在国家发展和改革委员会关于实行核准制的《项目申请报告通用文本》中明确规定,《项目申请报告》应有“资源开发及综合利用分析”、“节能方案分析”、“建设用地、征地拆迁及移民安置分析”,其主要内容包括()。
在一次选举计票过程中,工作人员发现有人投了所有候选人的赞成票。如果计票过程是真实的,那么下列哪项也必定是真实的?()
人们根据已知的信息,利用熟悉的规则解决问题,从给予的信息中产生逻辑的结论是()。
中学生的记忆力特征表现为()。(2016.广东)
《刑法》第269条对转化型抢劫作出了规定,下列选项适用该规定的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)