2. 外语
  3. The International Labor Organization has studied reports on workers’ privacy in nineteen industrial nations. The study shows tha

The International Labor Organization has studied reports on workers’ privacy in nineteen industrial nations. The study shows tha

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问题     The International Labor Organization has studied reports on workers’ privacy in nineteen industrial nations. The study shows that electronic observation is most common in the United States. Many employers are using computers, cameras, listening devices and telephones to observe their workers. In the 300 businesses investigated in the U. S. more than 20 percent said they search computer records and listen to voice mail or electronic mail of their employees. Voice mail is a system for recording messages. Electronic mail, also called E-mail is messages sent between computers. About 20 million American workers, from factory workers to highly paid engineers, may be under electronic observation. This does not include employers who listen to people using telephones on their jobs. The ILO study says that electronic observation is especially common in some industries, such as telecommunications, insurance and banking. It also says the use of cameras is increasing in factories and stores in Japan and the use of technology to observe workers has grown rapidly in many other European industrial nations since 1985.
    Workers and worker organizations have major objections to electronic observation. They say it violates human rights and destroys the feeling of trust between workers and employers, because some employers use it to punish workers without the workers’ knowing the reason. They say it also makes it easier to learn private information about their workers, and employers even have greater powers than law enforcement agencies to observe people. For example, police need court orders to listen to the telephone calls of suspected criminals, but no such order is required for a business that wants to listen to the phone calls of one of its workers.
    The United States Congress is considering a bill to restrict the uses of electronic observation in work places. Employers will be required to tell workers if they are being observed.
    Questions:
According to the passage, what kinds of workers may be under electronic observation in the U. S. ?
选项 A、Factory workers.
B、Employers in a company.
C、Well-paid engineers.
D、Both A and C.
答案D
解析 第4题问按照文章所讲，下面哪一类雇员在美国可能会受到电子监视。文章第一段第七句至结尾指出，大约2 000万的美国雇员，从工厂工人到领取高薪的工程师，可能都受到了电子监视，这还不包括那些窃听雇员上班打电话的雇主。国际劳工组织说电子监视在某些行业特别普遍，如电讯业、保险业和银行业。日本的工厂和商店使用摄像机来监视人们的情况也在上升。因此，我们可以推断出本题的正确答案是D。
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