2. 外语
  3. "Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by

"Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by

admin2010-03-26  44
问题     "Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention", says Schacter, "You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply."
    "Encoding", Schacter explains, "is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later." Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜). "Your memory itself isn’t failing you", says Schacter. "Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed."
    Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago", says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox." Women have slightly better memories than men: possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.
    "Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness", says Schacter. "But be sure the cue is clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
    Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.
One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ______.
选项 A、they have a wider range of interests
B、they are more reliant on the environment
C、they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D、they are more interested in what’s happening around them
答案D
解析 细节题。根据“Women have slightly better memories than men：possibly because they pay more attention to their environment，and memory relies on just that．”注意单凭此句还无法与选项D直接形成对应关系。但综合该段落的主旨；缺乏兴趣导致遗忘。男人可以……而女人则因为对环境更为关注(记忆需要这种关注)而显得记忆力稍好一些。从逻辑上看，列举男性与女性的情况都为支持“缺乏兴趣导致遗；忘”这一观点，因此，“women pay more attention to their environment”中的“pay more attention to”应理解为“be为interested in”。故选D。
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大学英语四级

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