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  3. Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine published a study showing that, because of food production and

Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine published a study showing that, because of food production and

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问题     Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine published a study showing that, because of food production and transportation factors, a population of heavier people contributes more harmful gases to the planet than a population of thin people.
    Given that it takes more energy to move heavier people, transportation of heavier people requires more fuel, which creates more greenhouse gas emissions, the authors write.
    "The main message is staying thin. It’s good for you, and it’s good for the planet," said Phil Edwards, senior lecturer at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
    More than 1 billion adults worldwide are overweight, and about 300 million are obese(过度肥胖的), the study said. Generally, the body mass index, a measure of obesity, is increasing in most countries worldwide, from China to European countries to the United States.
    BMI is going up because of the availability of food and motorized transportation, Edwards said. People are less active now than they were 30 years ago, and the prevalence of fast food has given people less healthy, more energy-dense options.
    Using statistical models, the authors compared the distribution of BMI in the United Kingdom in the 1970s — when 3.5 percent of the population was obese — with a prediction for the country’s BMI distribution in 2010, reflecting 40 percent obesity.
    "In terms of environmental impact, the lean population has a much smaller carbon footprint," Edwards said.
    The population with 40 percent obese people requires 19 percent more food energy for its total energy expenditure than the population with 3.5 percent obese people, the study showed. This 19 percent increase in food consumption translates into an increase of 270 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions, the study said.
    "The findings make sense and highlight an important global co-benefit of losing weight, along with the significant personal health benefits," said Patrick Kinney, associate professor at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health, who was not involved in the study.
    In terms of obesity rate, the U.S. population is not far off from the overweight population model in this study. The country has 33.3 percent obese people, according to the Mayo Clinic.
    The study suggests that governments have a responsibility to encourage people to be more physically active, Edwards said. Active transportation, such as cycling and walking, helps maintain a healthy weight but requires safe streets, he said.
    "If the government wants to promote active transport, which would be good for the environment and for individual health, it needs to make the environment safe to do that," he said.
What message do researchers mainly intend to convey?
选项 A、Many people need to be on diet to lose weight.
B、Being lean benefits both the individuals and the Earth.
C、Heavy people should avoid traveling around.
D、Obesity has become a global problem nowadays.
答案B
解析 由第3段引言中的内容可知，报告(即表达了研究者们的观点)主要传递的信息就是要保持苗条，保持苗条对个人和地球环境都有益处。B)中的benefits both the individuals and the Earth符合此意，故答案为B)。文中倒数第2段提到，减肥的方式是多运动，文中未提到节食，因此A)不正确。C)是对第2段所说的胖人在运输过程中耗费更多燃料，从而排放更多温室气体的过度推断。D)虽然在文中第4段中提到了，但并非研究者们想要传达的主要信息。
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