首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
admin
2010-05-25
75
问题
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on the history of gun ownership, gun use, and gun violence in the United States. Our purpose was to consider how social science history might contribute to the public debate over gun control and gun rights. To date, we have had little impact on that debate. It has been dominated by mainstream social scientists and historians, especially scholars such as Gary Kleck, John Lott, and Michael Bellesiles, whose work, despite profound flaws, is politically congenial to either opponents or proponents of gun control. Kleck and Mark Gertz, for instance, argue on the basis of their widely cited survey that gun owners prevent numerous crimes each year in the Untied states by using firearms to defend themselves and their property. If their survey respondents are to be believed, American gun owners shot 100,000 criminals in 1994 in self-defense—a preposterous number. Lott claims on the basis of his statistical analysis of recent crime rates that laws allowing private individuals to carry concealed firearms to deter murders, rapes, and robberies, because criminals are afraid to attack potentially armed victims. However, he biases his results by confining his analysis to the year between 1977 and 1992, when violent crime rates had peaked and varied little from year to year. He reports only regression models that support his thesis and neglects to mention that each of those models find a positive relationship between violent crime and real income, and inverse relationship between violent crime and unemployment.
Contrary to Kleck and Lott, Bellesiles insists that guns and America’s "gun culture" are responsible for America’s high rate of murder. In Belleville’s opinion, relatively few Americans owned guns before the 1850s or know how to use, maintain, or repair them. As a result, he says, guns contributed little to the homicide rate, especially among Whites, which was low everywhere, even in the South and on the frontier, where historians once assumed gun and murder went hand in hand. According to Bellesiles, these patterns changed dramatically after the Mexican War and especially after the Civil War, when gun ownership became widespread and cultural changes encouraged the use of handguns to command respect and resolve personal and political disputes. The result was an unprecedented wave of gun-related homicides that never truly abated. To this day, the United States has the highest homicide rate of any industrial democracy. Bellesile’s low estimates of gun ownership in early America conflict, however, with those of every historian who has previously studied the subject and has thus far proven irreproducible. Every homicide statistic he presents is either misleading or wrong.
Given the influence of Kleck, Lott, Bellesiles and other partisan scholars on the debate over gun control and gun rights, we felt a need to pull together what social science historians have learned to date about the history of gun ownership and gun violence in America, and to consider what research methods and projects might increase our knowledge in the near future.
With which of the following will Bellesiles most probably agree?
选项
A、Gun control should be tightened.
B、Guns have little to do with murder.
C、Gun culture was the result of high homicide rates in America.
D、The statistics that earlier historians produced of gun ownership is reliable.
答案
A
解析
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话可知:Bellesiles坚信是枪支和美国的枪支文化导致了枪击事件的发生,因此提倡应该加强枪支管制,所以选择A 。选项B 正好和他的观点相反;选项C 则颠倒了因果关系;关于前面历史学者的数据,Bellesiles只是说随着时代的改变原来的模式已经发生变化,而并非他们的数据不可靠,所以排除选项D 。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/nc2K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Therailroads【C1】______akeyroleinthesettlementoftheWest.Theyprovidedrelativelyeasy【C2】______totheregionforthe
Inbringing【C1】______children,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisitionofeachnew【C2】______--thefirstspokenwo
Inbringing【C1】______children,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisitionofeachnew【C2】______--thefirstspokenwo
Owlsusuallyprey______miceandsnakes.
Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?Judgin
Thephysicianhadtovisithispatientsix______daysbeforethepatientcouldbeconsideredinafaircondition.
Whatdothespeakersmainlydiscuss?
The"fatherofwaters",theMississippiRiverisoneofthe【C1】______intheworld.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesArmyCorpsof
EvangelicalChristians,buoyedbythere-electionofPresidentBush,areturningAmericanschoolsintoabattlegroundoverwheth
Fortheexecutiveproducerofanetworknightlynewsprogram,theworkdayoftenbeginsatmidnight—asminedidduringsevenyea
随机试题
在文字产生之前人们为了帮助记忆、交流思想、传递信息,采用的最原始的记录方法是图画记事。()
下列货币资金监控与核算办法设计的特点中,能给货币资金监控与核算办法创造一个有利条件的是
患者男,15岁。因贫血、黄疸5年来诊。其父亦有轻度贫血及黄疸。查体:脾肋下2.5cm。检测白细胞和血小板数正常,Hb75g/L,网织红细胞0.06;骨髓检查示增生明显活跃,以红系增生为主;红细胞渗透脆性试验:在0.70%盐水溶液中开始溶血。完善诊断依据
根据××测绘及导航电子地图资质单位规定,导航电子地图上的高速公路和国道及周边信息每6个月更新一次,省级及以下道路及周边信息每1年更新一次,背景地图每1年更新一次。现需要对××地区导航地图进行全面更新,确定开展外业调查,对区域内家的道路、兴趣点及地名等进行采
对于滞纳关税的纳税人,海关有权进行强制执行,强制执行措施主要有()。
March26,2006Mr.SamuelBrownTruestarCorporationFinanceDepartmentManagerRe:Account#2958ADearMr.Brown,Iwantt
宋真宗赵恒御笔作“劝学篇”,有“书中自有黄金屋”流布天下几近千年。黄金榜求龙头望,成了书生实现人生价值的“自古华山一条道”。当“黄金屋”成为读书的唯一价值取向时,很容易将一个民族的思维纳入功利和实用的框架,看似加速了现代化的进程,实则开了历史的倒车。借书籍
群落之间、群落与环境之间相互关系的可见标志是______。
"Artdoesnotsolveproblems,butmakesusawareoftheirexistence,"sculptorMagdalenaAbakanowiczhassaid.Artseducation,
Dinkum’sinformedtheirworkforcelastweekthatinadesperateattempttosavejobs,theywouldmoveovertoajob-sharesystem
最新回复
(
0
)