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  3. The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in

The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in

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问题     The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator. "
    In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus (剩余的) bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years ago, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.
    The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed—natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling...
    What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.
    Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house—while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.
    The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers (汉堡包)，but at least you will get rid of that terrible hum.
Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?
选项 A、People would not buy more food than was necessary.
B、Food was delivered to people two or three times a week.
C、Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily.
D、People had effective ways to preserve their food.
答案D
解析 本题是一道具体细节题。问为什么作者说在冰箱发明之前人们也没有浪费什么东西。文章第二段和第三段两段指出，50年代没有冰箱，人们吃得不错，食品也有益于健康，每天有人送上新鲜牛奶。蔬菜、肉类、面包等每周两三次送货上门，送一次可以吃上两三天。剩余的牛奶面包等可以做成糕饼，总之，那时没有食物变质的问题，什么也不会浪费掉。但是，30年后的今天，不再有人把新鲜食品送上门来，新鲜蔬菜几乎买不到了。冰箱对贮存食品也没添什么新方法。人们早就有了许多储存食品的办法，如自然冷却、晾干、熏、腌、蜜制、装瓶密封等。因此，我们可以推知本题的正确答案应是D“因为人们已经有了许多有效的贮藏食物的方法”。
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