71. It was not until modern scholarship uncovered the secret of reading Middle English that we could understand that Chaucer, fa

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问题     71. It was not until modern scholarship uncovered the secret of reading Middle English that we could understand that Chaucer, far from being a rude versifier, was a perfectly accomplished technician, and that his verse is rich in music and elegant to the highest degree. 72. Chaucer’s own urbane personality is a delight to encounter in his books. He is avowedly a bookworm, yet few poets observe nature with more freshness and delight. He is a master of genial satire but can sympathize with true piety and goodness with as much pleasure as he attacks the hypocritical.
    73. It is not an uncommon estimate of Chaucer that he must be counted among the few greatest of English poets. In range of interest he is surpassed only by Shakespeare. He was recognized already in the Renaissance, when it came to England, as the Father of English Poetry. He was a man of wide learning and wrote with ease on religion, philosophy, ethics, science, rhetoric.
    No man has more completely summed up an age than Chaucer has his, yet the people of his great poems are revealed as men and women are in all times.
    Master of verse, as Chaucer was, he introduced into English poetry many verse forms: the heroic couplet (in which form most of The Canterbury Tales is written), verse written in iambic pentameter, rhyming aa, bb, cc, etc. --a form that was to be very important in the eighteenth century. The rime royal, a seven-line stanza in iambic pentameters, rhyming ababbcc (Troilus and Criseyde). The terza rima, three-line stanzas, rhyming aba, bcb, cdc, etc. (which he imitated from Dante, in some of his minor poems). And the eight-line iambic pentameter stanza, rhyming ababbcbc(The Monk’s Tale).

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答案令人高兴的是,乔叟本人温文尔雅的性格在他的著作中有所体现。他是一位公认的书呆子,但是很少有诗人能以更新奇的目光,更快乐的方式观察大自然。他是一位温婉的讽刺大师,却乐于同情真正虔诚的人和善良的人,正如他乐于抨击虚伪的人那样。

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