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  3. The potential of computers for increasing the control of organizations or society over their members and for invading the privac

The potential of computers for increasing the control of organizations or society over their members and for invading the privac

admin2011-03-01  48
问题    The potential of computers for increasing the control of organizations or society over their members and for invading the privacy of those members has caused considerable concern.
   The privacy issue has been raised most insistently with respect to the creation and maintenance of data files that assemble information about persons from a multitude of sources. Files of this kind would be highly valuable for many kinds of economic and social research, but they are bought at too high a price if they endanger human freedom or seriously enhance the opportunities of blackmailers. While such dangers should not be ignored, it should be noted that the lack of comprehensive data files has never before been the limiting barrier to the suppression of human freedom.
   Making the computer the villain in the invasion of privacy or encroachment on civil liberties simply diverts attention from the real dangers. Computer data bank files can and must be given the highest degree of protection from abuse. But we must be careful also, that we do not employ such crude methods of protection as to deprive our society of important data it needs to understand its own social process and to analyze its problems.
   Perhaps the most important question of all about the computer is what it has come and will do to man’s view of himself and his place in the universe. The most heated attacks on the computer are not focused on its possible economic effects, its presumed destruction of job satisfaction, or its threat to privacy and liberty, but upon the claim that it causes people to be viewed, and to view themselves, as machines.
   What the computer and the progress in artificial intelligence challenge is an ethic that rests on man’s apartness from the rest of nature. An alternative ethic, of course, views man as a part of nature, governed by nature law, subject to the forces of gravity and the demands of man’s body. The debate is about artificial intelligence and the demands of man’s body. The debate is about artificial intelligence and the stimulation of man’s thinking is, in considerable part, a confrontation of these two views of man’s place in the universe.
It is very important to prevent the abuse of computer, ______.
选项 A、because it can prevent from resource wasting
B、because it can maintain rules and disciplines in society
C、because it can promote economic and social development
D、because it can protect the right of the individual
答案D
解析 细节题。文章第二段中说到：“电脑数据库里的文件对经济研究和社会研究的价值很高，但如果它们给人们的自由带来威胁并增加敲诈机会的话，那代价就太大了。”所以综上所述，上面所说的是有关个人权利方面的事情。因而D是正确答案。
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