2. 考研
  3. [A] Mental and emotional issues [B] Higher risks of contracting chronic diseases [C] Physical health [D] Cyber Space

[A] Mental and emotional issues [B] Higher risks of contracting chronic diseases [C] Physical health [D] Cyber Space

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问题     [A] Mental and emotional issues
    [B] Higher risks of contracting chronic diseases
    [C] Physical health
    [D] Cyber Space Addiction
    [E] Learning issues
    [F] Behavioral problems
    [G] Relationships with peers
    Every minute, approximately 24 people in the United States are physically attacked, assaulted, or stalked by a current or former partner, according to the Center for Disease control. Many victims believe they can keep the abuse hidden from their children, but experts say they’re rarely successful. " Domestic violence is a family affair and is impossible to hide when it occurs, even if children are sleeping or otherwise not present," says Alicia H. Clark, a clinical psychologist in Washington, D. C. Even if kids don’t witness the incident itself, they can still feel the tension, they might hear the violence, and they’re likely to notice the aftermath including injuries or the distance between mom and dad, she says. Regardless of how kids learn of the abuse, the exposure to domestic violence can cause negative consequences in many areas of their lives.
    【C1】 ________  
    " People have a very strong mind-body connection, so for many children, the stress of living with domestic violence is expressed in physical ways," says Cindy W. Christian, M. D. , chair of child abuse and neglect prevention at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. Headaches, stomachaches, change in appetite, insomnia, nightmares, bedwetting, and other sleep issues are all common in children living in abusive homes. Long-term, children who go through adverse childhood experiences, such as exposure to domestic violence, are at increased risk for health issues such as substance abuse, autoimmune diseases, heart disease, and cancer.
    【C2】 ________  
    Children may experience fear, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, an inability to control their emotions, and suicidal feelings as a result of witnessing violence between adult caregivers, according to the Centers for Disease Control. Worrying that mom is at fault can take a toll on a child’s psychological well-being. Kids often feel guilty for not being able to help the situation or for sparking an abusive outburst, says Dr. Clark.
    【C3】 ________  
    Kids may have more tantrums, become clingy, withdraw, overreact to situations, and regress to earlier behavior such as thumb-sucking, wanting to be held like a baby, wetting themselves, or using baby talk. Parents should also be on the lookout for signs of anger and changes in appetite and sleeping habits. Teens exposed to parental violence may skip school or use drugs and alcohol.
    【C4】 ________  
    Children first learn how to interact with others by watching their parents. When parents physically harm each other or have a volatile relationship, kids become distrustful and reluctant to form bonds. In addition to withdrawal and social isolation from peers, children living in homes with abuse may have poor communication skills and lack of conflict resolution skills and are at increased risk for bullying or being bullied. Children who witness violence between parents are also more likely to be involved in abusive relationships, as either the abuser or victim, when they’re older, according to the U. S. Department of Human Health and Services.
    【C5】 ________  
    Worries about home life, or being awakened at night by shouting and fighting, can cause children to have difficulty focusing or concentrating at school. Often, kids blame themselves for what happens in their parents’ lives. As a result, they may put extreme pressure on themselves to do well in school because they’re afraid of angering their parent if they get a bad grade.
Although it may seem some children aren’t affected by domestic violence, experts say any exposure can be detrimental to a child’s well-being.
【C2】
选项
答案A
解析 在本段中，疾病控制中心列举的恐惧、焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍、情绪失控以及自杀倾向都是心理或精神和情感等方面的问题，因此选[A]。
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