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  3. In a former leather factory just off Euston Road in London, a hopeful firm is starting up. BenevolentAI’s main room is large and

In a former leather factory just off Euston Road in London, a hopeful firm is starting up. BenevolentAI’s main room is large and

admin2018-06-28  22
问题    In a former leather factory just off Euston Road in London, a hopeful firm is starting up. BenevolentAI’s main room is large and open-plan. In it, scientists and coders sit busily on benches, plying their various trades. The firm’s star, though, has a private, temperature-controlled office. That star is a powerful computer that runs the software which sits at the heart of BenevolentAI’s business. This software is an artificial-intelligence system.
   AI, as it is known for short, comes in several forms. But BenevolentAI’s version of it is a form of machine learning that can draw inferences about what it has learned. In particular, it can process natural language and formulate new ideas from what it reads. Its job is to sift through vast chemical libraries, medical databases and conventionally presented scientific papers, looking for potential drug molecules.
   Nor is BenevolentAI a one-off. More and more people and firms believe that AI is well placed to help unpick biology and advance human health. Indeed, as Chris Bishop of Microsoft Research, in Cambridge, England, observes, one way of thinking about living organisms is to recognize that they are, in essence, complex systems which process information using a combination of hardware and software.
   That thought has consequences. Whether it is the new Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI) , from the founder of Facebook and his wife, or the biological subsidiaries being set up by firms such as Alphabet (Google’s parent company), IBM and Microsoft, the new Big Idea in Silicon Valley is that in the worlds of biology and disease there are problems its software engineers can solve.
   The discovery of new drugs is an early test of the belief that AI has much to offer biology and medicine. Pharmaceutical companies are finding it increasingly difficult to make headway in their search for novel products. The conventional approach is to screen large numbers of molecules for signs of relative biological effect, and then weed out the useless partin a series of more and more expensive tests and trials, in the hope of coming up with a golden nugget at the end. This way of doing things is, however, declining in productivity and rising in cost.
The traditional way to find new drugs can be characterized by being______.
选项 A、hopeful
B、expensive
C、inefficient
D、productive
答案C
解析 细节题。定位到最后一段。其中traditional way=conventional approach；find new drugs=search for novel products：而题干问be characterized by“具有……的特征”，答案句来自文章最后一句：This way of doing things is，however，declining in productivity and rising in cost．其中this way=traditional way，故答案为however之后的declining in productivity and rising in cost“生产率下降，成本上升”；其中declining“下降”一词是明显的负面词汇，故可以排除选项[A]hopeful“有希望的”与选项[D]productive“多产的”。选项[B]expensive“昂贵的”=rising in cost，但无法概括declining in productivity，故该项属于片面选项，也非答案。选项[C]inefficient低效率的=declining in productivity and rising in cost，故该项为正确答案。
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