首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
From the beginning, migration has been one of the most conspicuous features of human history. Humanity did not appear simultaneo
From the beginning, migration has been one of the most conspicuous features of human history. Humanity did not appear simultaneo
admin
2013-10-17
55
问题
From the beginning, migration has been one of the most conspicuous features of human history. Humanity did not appear simultaneously all over the earth but, according to the current scientific consensus, first evolved in Africa, and from there spread far and wide. Even after mankind had populated most of the planet, migration continued to play a decisive role in history down the centuries, as people contended for territory and the resources that go with it. In many of history’s biggest movements of people, the migrants were not volunteers. In the 17th and 18th centuries, 15 million people were taken as slaves from Africa and shipped to Brazil, the Caribbean and North America. In the 19th century, between 10 and 40 million indentured workers (契约工人,苦力) were sent in vast numbers around the world, mainly from China and India.
The 20th century’s wars in Europe and Asia displaced millions more. But perhaps the most intense episode of migration-under-duress (强迫) in modern times occurred after the partition of India in 1947, when 7 million Muslims fled India for the new state of Pakistan and 7 million Hindus fled in the opposite direction.
As individuals, not merely as members of races or religions in flight, people have always traveled in search of a better life. Between the middle of the 19th century and the start of the second world war, 60 million people left Europe and move overseas to the United States, Canada, Latin America, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Much of this movement was guided by economic calculation. Most modern migration is of this kind, though nowadays the pull is high wages rather than cheap land.
For the 19th century or so, the pattern of migration has shifted a good deal, with changes in government policy playing a key role. Until 1914 governments imposed almost no controls. This allowed the enormous 19th-century movement of migrants from Europe to North America.
Between 1914 and 1945, partly reflecting security concerns, migration was curtailed. Many countries excluded immigrants. America’s Congress passed laws aiming to preserve the country’s racial and religious make-up.
After 1945 came another great change. Many European countries faced labor shortages. Governments actively recruited immigrants for jobs in their expanding industries. Migration surged again, now not mainly from Europe to North America but from the developing countries to the rich ones.
The next big change came in the 1970s. The rich countries were no longer growing quickly and struggling with labor shortages. Recession came to Europe and America, and immigration rules were tightened again. This more restrictive regime continues to apply.
The great change in migration after 1945 was brought about by______.
选项
A、labor shortage in many European countries
B、cancellation of immigration laws in many countries
C、high unemployment rate in developing countries
D、better job opportunities in North American countries
答案
A
解析
细节题。倒数第二段,许多欧洲国家面临劳动力缺乏问题,所以移民再次增加,只不过这次移民是从发展中国家到富裕国家。所以A是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/oyXO777K
0
在职攻硕英语联考
相关试题推荐
Duringrecentyearswehaveheardmuchabout"race":howthisracedoescertainthingsandthatracebelievescertainthingsand
Tocallsomeonebird-brainedinEnglishmeansyouthinkthatpersonissillyorstupid.Butwillthisdescriptionsoondisappear
Eachworkday,theworkersfollowedthesameschedulesandrarely______fromthisroutine.
LAPDChiefCharlieBeck’stenurehashelpedanswerquestionsthatlingeredaftertheRampartconsentdecreeendedandoutsiderC
Aperson’shomeisasmuchareflectionofhispersonalityastheclotheshewears,thefoodheeatsandthefriendswithwhomh
AcenturyagointheUnitedStates,whenanindividualbroughtsuitagainstacompany,publicopiniontendedtoprotectthatcom
Allanimalsmustrest,butdotheyreallysleepasweknowit?Theanswertothisquestionseemsobvious.Ifananimalregularly
Onanaverageofsixtimesaday,adoctorinHollandpractices"active"euthanasia:intentionallyadministeringalethal(致死的)dr
Youareaccident_________becauseyou’reabitcarelessinwhatyoudo.
Theworkhas______thestatusofaclassicamongthecomposer’sadmirers.
随机试题
A、Onthephone.B、Inthepolicestation.C、Attheman’shouse.D、OntheBusNo.112.B对话一开始,女士急急忙忙地来报警.声称自己丢了钱包,男士让女士冷静,并让她坐下来描述
急性腰部损伤是椎间盘变性的主要原因。
患儿男,7岁。发热1天,体温39℃,咽痛,今晨发现皮疹。查体:咽部充血,扁桃体Ⅱ度,可见脓性分泌物,草莓舌,皮肤弥漫性充血,可见密集红色细小丘疹,心肺(-),腹软,肝脾未及。外周血WBC19×109/L,中性粒细胞89%,最可能的诊断是
月经后期,证属气滞血瘀宜选用的中成药有()。
某建设项目的计算期为10年,财务净现金流量如下表,基准收益率为10%,则该项目的财务净现值为()万元。
网络检查的主要内容有()。
影响货币需求的主要因素有()。
负责全国政府信息公开工作的主管部门是()。
PowerDesigner中用于创建和维护双层数据模型的组件是()。
Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcase,myfatherwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothethirdfloor,Iwas(16)
最新回复
(
0
)