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  3. California, long a leader on clean air and other environmental issues, is doing good things again. The state’s powerful Air Reso

California, long a leader on clean air and other environmental issues, is doing good things again. The state’s powerful Air Reso

admin2013-06-17  118
问题     California, long a leader on clean air and other environmental issues, is doing good things again. The state’s powerful Air Resources Board has issued new rules that, when finally approved, will lead to many fewer smog-causing pollutants, fewer greenhouse gases and, in time, encourage the auto industry to build millions more emissions-free cars and trucks, including a new generation of all-electric or hydrogen-powered vehicles.
    For historical reasons—including its own severe pollution problems—California has been allowed to write its own clean air rules, as long as it gets a waiver (豁免) from the federal government. The results have been hugely beneficial for all. California’s clean air rules in the 1970s helped lead to nationwide use of the catalytic converter. A 2002 California law requiring cuts in carbon-dioxide emissions from automobiles led to the aggressive fuel efficiency standards approved by President Obama.
    Two new California rules will push that process even further. One calls for a 75 percent reduction in nitrogen oxides (氧化物) and other smog-forming emissions from new vehicles by 2025. The other says that by the same year, one of seven new vehicles on California roads—1. 4 million altogether—must be zero-emission. By 2050, it hopes, four of five cars will be powered by batteries or hydrogen, helping the state reach its midcentury target of reducing greenhouse gases by 80 percent.
    In the past, the automakers fought every new California rule. Their brush with extinction—and the federal aids—have made them more ready to make compromise and more confident in their ability to make the clean cars the regulations require. They have already invested heavily in clean-car technologies.
    The Environmental Protection Agency is almost certain to grant the waiver California needs to put the rules into effect. It should also begin pushing the oil refiners to lower the sulfur (硫磺) content in gasoline, greatly improving California’s chances of achieving smog reductions. The oil companies hate this idea because it will add to their refining costs. It is hard to feel sympathy for them at a time of record profits. Lisa Jackson, the E. P. A. administrator, has proposed sulfur reductions for gasoline, but the White House has yet to give her the green light. It should.
The waiver California received from the federal government______.
选项 A、is a symbol of its special political position
B、leads to nationwide environmental protection
C、is a combination of many historical factors
D、allows it to establish its own legal system
答案C
解析 事实细节题。由定位句可知，加利福尼亚州能得到联邦政府的豁免，制定自己的空气净化法案，这是由多种历史因素造成的，故C)“是许多历史因素的综合作用”正确。A)“是其特殊政治地位的体现”和原文不符，故排除；B)“引发了全国性的环保运动”足对原文的错误理解。全国性的环保运动是由加利福尼亚州的夺气净化法案引起的，而不是由加利福尼亚州拥有自主制定环保法案这一特权引起的，故排除；D)“允许加州建立自己的司法体系”与原文不符，加州获得的豁免权只赋予它制定环保法案的特权，而不是设立整个司法体系，故排除。
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