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  3. The image was fascinating, as justice John Paul Stevens, a Chicago native, presented it. A gang member and his father are hangin

The image was fascinating, as justice John Paul Stevens, a Chicago native, presented it. A gang member and his father are hangin

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问题     The image was fascinating, as justice John Paul Stevens, a Chicago native, presented it. A gang member and his father are hanging out near Wrigley Field. Are they there "to rob an unsuspecting fan or just to get a glimpse of Sammy Sosa leaving the ball park"? A police officer has no idea, but under Chicago’s anti-gang law, the cop must order them to disperse. With Stevens writing for a 6-to-3 majority, the Supreme Court last week struck down Chicago’s sweeping law, which had sparked 42,000 arrests in its three years of enforcement.
    The decision was a blow to advocates of get-tough crime policies. But in a widely noted supporting opinion, Justice Sandra Day O’Connor suggested that a less harsh approach — distinguishing gang members from innocent bystanders — might pass constitutional muster(集合). New language could target loiterers(游荡者)"with no apparent purpose other than to establish control over identifiable areas, to intimidate others from entering those areas or to conceal illegal activities", she wrote. Chicago officials vowed to draft a new measure. "We will go back and correct it and then move forward," said Mayor Richard Daley.
    Chicago officials, along with the League of Cities and 31 states that sided with them in court, might do well to look at one state where anti-gang loitering prosecutions have withstood constitutional challenges: California. The state has two anti-loitering laws on the books, aimed at people intending to commit specific crimes — prostitution(卖淫)and drug dealing. In addition, a number of local prosecutors are waging war against gangs by an innovative use of the public-nuisance laws.
    In cities such as Los Angeles and San Jose, prosecutors have sought injunctions(禁令)against groups of people suspected of gang activity. "The officers in the streets know the gang members and gather physical evidence for lengthy court hearings," says Los Angeles prosecutor Martin Vranicar. If the evidence is enough to convince a judge, an injunction is issued to prohibit specific behaviour — such as carrying cell phones or pagers or blocking sidewalk passage — in defined geographical areas. "It works instantly," says San Jose city attorney Joan Gallo, who successfully defended the tactic before the California Supreme Court. "A few days after the injunctions, children are playing on streets where they never were before."
    So far, only a few hundred gang members have been targeted, out of an estimated 150,000 in Los Angeles alone. But experts say last week’s decision set the parametres for sharper measures. Says Harvard law professor Laurence Tribe: "It just means they have to use a scalpel(解剖刀)rather than an invisible mallet(棒槌)."
The third and fourth paragraphs suggest that______.
选项 A、the League of Cities and 31 states should work with Chicago officials
B、the injunctions in some cities ended crime in the street completely
C、California successfully starts the battle against the gangs
D、the police officers shoulder more responsibility than before
答案C
解析 第3段和第4段主要介绍了加利福尼亚州是如何与街头帮派行为做斗争的。以加利福尼亚的做法作为成功案例，并拿出洛杉矶和圣何塞两个城市的做法作说明。答案为选项C)。A)是这些人本来就是和芝加哥官员属于统一战线的。街头团伙消失不等于杜绝了街头犯罪，B)不对。文中没有对警察前后的职责多少进行比较，排除D)。
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