2. 考研
  3. In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic

In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic

admin2018-03-01  32
问题     In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic essay, "Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren". It imagined a middle way between revolution and stagnation that would leave the grandchildren a great deal richer than their grandparents. But the path was not without dangers.
    One of the worries Keynes admitted was a "new disease": "technological unemployment due to our discovery of means of economising the use of labour outrunning the pace at which we can find new uses for labour." His readers might not have heard of the problem, he suggested—but they were certain to hear a lot more about it in the years to come.
    For the most part, they did not. Nowadays, the majority of economists confidently wave such worries away. By raising productivity, they argue, any automation which economises on the use of labour will increase incomes. That will generate demand for new products and services, which will in turn create new jobs for displaced workers. To think otherwise has meant being tarred a Luddite—the name taken by 19th-century textile workers who smashed the machines taking their jobs.
    For much of the 20th century, those arguing that technology brought ever more jobs and prosperity looked to have the better of the debate. Real incomes in Britain scarcely doubled between the beginning of the common era and 1570. They then tripled from 1570 to 1875. And they more than tripled from 1875 to 1975. Industrialisation did not end up eliminating the need for human workers. On the contrary, it created employment opportunities sufficient to absorb the 20th century’s exploding population. Keynes’ vision of everyone in the 2030s being a lot richer is largely achieved. His belief they would work just 15 hours or so a week has not come to pass.
The phenomenon of technological unemployment appears because ______.
选项 A、the machine will finally replace all human labour
B、the machine can complete some work that human can’t
C、with the advent of the machine, many workers become lazier
D、the pace of making new machines is faster than finding new use of labour
答案D
解析 根据题干中的“technological unemployment”定位到第二段首句。而due to之后的内容即该题because之后的答案。该句提到：our discovery of means of economising the use of labour outrunning the pace at which we can find new uses for labour．大意为：我们发现节省劳动力使用的方法比我们发现劳动力新用途的速度要快。而这个句子相当于选项D，the pace of making new machines is faster than finding new use of labour(发明新机器比起寻找劳动力的新用途速度还快)。故该题答案为选项D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/p8BZ777K
0

考研英语一

相关试题推荐
随机试题
最新回复(0)