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  3. One of the extraordinary things about the modern world is that so much of it takes food for granted. 【F1】For most of recorded hi

One of the extraordinary things about the modern world is that so much of it takes food for granted. 【F1】For most of recorded hi

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问题    One of the extraordinary things about the modern world is that so much of it takes food for granted. 【F1】For most of recorded history, the struggle to eat has been the main focus of human activity, and all but a handful of people were either farmers or farm workers. Starvation was an ever-present threat. Even the best years rarely yielded much of a surplus to carry over as an insurance against leaner times. In the worst, none but the powerful could be sure of a full stomach.
   Now most people in rich countries never have to worry about where the next meal is coming from. In 1900 two in every five American workers labored on a farm; now one in 50 does. 【F2】Even in poor places such as India, where famine still struck until the mid-20th century, the assumption that everyone will have something to eat is increasingly built into the rhythm of life.
   That assumption, though, leads to complacency. Famine has ended in much of the world, but it still stalks parts of Africa. And millions of people still suffer from famine’s lesser cousin, malnutrition.
   Since the time of Thomas Malthus, an economist writing a little over 200 years ago, people have been worried that population growth would exceed food supply. So far, it has not. But neo-Malthusians spot worrying signs. One is that in some places the productivity of staples such as rice and wheat has reached a plateau. Neither new strains nor fancy agrochemicals are raising yields. Nor is there much unfarmed land left that is suitable to be brought under the plough. Neo-Malthusians also point to climate change. 【F3】They suggest that, if global temperatures continue to rise, some places will become unfarmable—particularly poor, tropical regions.
   These are legitimate concerns. But they can be overcome by two things: the application and spreading of technology, and the implementation of sensible government policies.
   Agricultural technology is changing fast. Much of this change is brought about by rich-world farmers and by affluent farmers in middle-income places like Brazil. 【F4】Techniques developed in the West— especially breeding that can create crops with special properties almost to order—are being adapted to make tropical crops, hitherto untouched by scientific progress, both more productive and more nutritious. Technology is of little use, though, if it is not adopted. 【F5】The developing world applies as much to existing farming techniques as it does to the latest advances in genetic modification. Government policy to reduce waste more generally would also make a huge difference.
【F5】
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答案发展中国家在现有耕种方法上所应用的技术，和它们应用在最新的基因改造上的技术一样多。
解析 ①本句是包含比较状语从句的复合句，句意易于理解。②句子有比较结构连接词as much as连接比较对象，much后省略了上一句提到的technology“技术”，故此处比较的是“发展中国家应用于现有耕种方法上的技术”和“发展中国家应用于基因改造方面的技术”的数量。其中为了避免重复出现主谓结构The developing world applies，第二个as后面用it替代了the developing world，does替代了applies。
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