首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
admin
2013-01-15
39
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the author’s names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal
No longer. The Internet and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it — is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria U-niversity in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $ 7 billion and $ 11 billioa The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2, 000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16, 000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
In the first paragraph, the author discusses_______
选项
A、the background information of journal editing.
B、the publication routine of laboratory reports.
C、the relations of authors with journal publishers.
D、the traditional process of journal publication.
答案
D
解析
第一段主要讲述了期刊出版的过程,即收稿、审稿、出版或弃用、版权和引用收费等步骤。B和D好像都符合。仔细阅读全文可知,文章先讲述了期刊出版以前是怎样的,后来又是怎样的,注意文中的一个词“change”。D选项中“traditional”也强调了过去。因此选D选项较为合理。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/pI2O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
StandardEnglishisthevarietyofEnglishwhichisusuallyusedinprintandwinchisnormallytaughtinschoolsandtonon-nat
Thesearchforthelostshipmustbe______becauseofpoorweather.
Thewidelypublicizeddemonstrationdidnotafterall______.
Itisthestaffofdreamsandnightmares.WhereTonyBlair’sattemptstomakeBritainlovetheEurohavefallenondeafears,it
Themanagergaveoneofthesalesgirlsanaccusinglookforher______attitudetowardcustomers.
Finally,let’s______acriticalissueinanyhonestexplorationofourattitudestowardsoldpeople,namelythevaluewhichou
Withsomedifficulty,PalladisdetachedBalintorefromanapparentlyenthrallingdiscussionandguidedhimthroughaturbulentt
Thegrowthofcell-phoneusersintheU.S.hastaperedofffromthebreakneckpaceof50%annuallyinthelate1990stowhatan
Anyparentwithachild【1】theagesof3and11cantellyou【2】technologyhascreptintonearly【3】aspectsofplaytimeandnearly
Americanwomenexperienceagreat【1】oflifestyles.A"typical"Americanwomanmaybesingle.Shemayalsobedivorcedormarried
随机试题
中国人素有“家园”“故乡”的文化传统,表达了一方人与方水土的关系。一个城市的人居环境往往成为一方人物、土地、生活、历史理想未来的复杂聚合体,成为家园意识最好的物质载体。古代先贤在规划建设城市的时候,早已把自己的内心世界全都放在物质空间里了,他们的规划与生俱
结合实际,论述如何建立良好的师生关系。
地塞米松的作用有
药师工作失误、未能很好履行职责造成不合理用药,主要表现在
如果一项建造合同包括多项资产,每项资产可以分立为单项合同处理,但必须具备一定条件。下列各项中不属于必备条件的是()。
持证人员从事会计工作,应当自从事会计工作之日起()天内,填写注册登记表,并持会计从业资格证书和所在单位出具的从事会计工作的证明,向单位所在地或所属部门、系统的会计从业资格管理机构办理注册登记。
ABC会计师事务所的A注册会计师负责对X公司20×9年度财务报表进行审计。A注册会计师在计划审计工作考虑重要性和审计风险时,A注册会计师遇到下列事项,请代为做出正确的专业判断。注册会计师在评价审计结果时,如果发现被审计单位尚未更正错报的汇总数大大超过重
求函数f(x,y)=(x2+2x+y)ey的极值.
[*]
Psychologiststakeopposingviewofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behav
最新回复
(
0
)