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  3. The stretch of the Pacific between Hawaii and California is virtually empty. There are no islands, no shipping lanes, no human p

The stretch of the Pacific between Hawaii and California is virtually empty. There are no islands, no shipping lanes, no human p

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问题     The stretch of the Pacific between Hawaii and California is virtually empty. There are no islands, no shipping lanes, no human presence for thousands of miles—just sea, sky and rubbish. The prevailing currents cause flotsam from around the world to accumulate in a vast becalmed patch of ocean. In places, there are a million pieces of plastic per square kilometre. That can mean as much as 112 times more plastic than plankton, the first link in the marine food chain. All this adds up to perhaps 100m tonnes of floating garbage, and more is arriving every day.
    Wherever people have been—and some places where they have not—they have left waste behind. Litter lines the world’s roads; dumps dot the landscape; slurry and sewage slosh into rivers and streams. Up above, thousands of fragments of defunct spacecraft careen through space, and occasionally more debris is produced by collisions such as the one that destroyed an American satellite in mid-February. Ken Noguchi, a mountaineer, estimates that he has collected nine tonnes of rubbish from the slopes of Mount Everest during five clean-up expeditions. There is still plenty left.
    The average Westerner produces over 500kg of municipal waste a year—and that is only the most obvious portion of the rich world’s discards. In Britain, for example, municipal waste from households and businesses makes up just 24% of the total. In addition, both developed and developing countries generate vast quantities of construction and demolition debris, industrial effluent, mine tailings, sewage residue and agricultural waste. Extracting enough gold to make a typical wedding ring, for example, can generate three tonnes of mining waste.
    Rubbish may be universal, but it is little studied and poorly understood. Nobody knows how much of it the world generates or what it does with it. In many rich countries, and most poor ones, only the patchiest of records are kept. That may be understandable: by definition, waste is something its owner no longer wants or takes much interest in.
    Ignorance spawns scares, such as the fuss surrounding New York’s infamous garbage barge, which in 1987 sailed the Atlantic for six months in search of a place to dump its load, giving many Americans the false impression that their country’s landfills had run out of space. It also makes it hard to draw up sensible policies: just think of the endless debate about whether recycling is the only way to save the planet—or an expensive waste of time.
The second paragraph mainly demonstrates______.
选项 A、space garbage’s hazard towards people
B、that people produce waste of all kinds with large amount
C、whether people should take recycling into account
D、Ken Noguchi’s five clean-up expeditions
答案B
解析 属信息归纳题。选项A属于无中生有，第二段并未提及太空垃圾对人的危害，故错误。选项C属于移花接木，所讲内容出现在第五段中，故错误。选项D犯了以偏概全的错误，第二段确实有所提及，但并非主要内容，故错误。第二段主要就是讲人类制造了大量的各种类型的垃圾，故选项B符合题意。
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