2. 外语
  3. On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament. He was prep

On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament. He was prep

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问题     On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament. He was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression, at a time when England’s survival was still in doubt.
    "... I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.
    You ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea, and air-War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime.
    You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word. It is victory. Victory at all costs—victory in spite of all terrors—for without victory there is no survival.
    Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.
    I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, ’Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength’."
选项
答案 我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验，将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。 若问我们的政策是什么?我的回答是：在陆上、海上、空中作战。尽我们的全力，尽上帝赋予我们的全部力量去作战，对人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。这就是我们的政策。 若问我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价，去夺取胜利；不惧一切恐怖，去夺取胜利；不论前路如何漫长、如何艰苦，去夺取胜利。因为没有胜利就不能生存。 我们务必认识到，没有胜利就不复有大英帝国，没有胜利就不复有大英帝国所象征的一切，没有胜利就不复有多少世纪以来的强烈渴求和愿望：人类应当向自己的目标迈进。
解析 1、本段选自英国杰出的政治家温斯顿?丘吉尔在二战初期出任战时内阁首相时首次发表的全国讲话。当时德军占领了波兰和北欧，正向比利时、荷兰、法国进攻，而一直推行绥靖政策的张伯伦刚刚下台，悲观和失望的情绪笼罩着当时的英国。丘吉尔在讲话中指出纳粹德国失败的必然性，并鼓励和号召英国人民坚持抵抗。因而本段措辞很有激情。考生在翻译时应注意译文的选词。
2、第2段第1句和第3段第1句的you ask如果译成“你们问”，译文就显得很平淡，不符合当时的背景。译为“若问”既简洁又隐隐突出当时战事的紧张。同时两段都用“若问”开头可以加强语气。
3、第2段第2句的by land，sea，and air在此处是指陆海空三军，不能作为乘坐交通工具来译。
4、第2段末句的never surpassed是“从未失败”之义，用来修饰monstrous tyranny，体现了暴政的强大可怕，根据语境可将never surpassed译作“空前”，也可译为“极其”。
5、末段首句的Let that be realized．译作“我们务必认识到”，突出了听众的地位，与原文要表达的意思一致。也可意译为“有一点必须明确”。
6、在处理末段第2句的No survival引导的排比句时，译文也同样采用排比句式，即连续使用三个“没有…就不复有…”，气势宏大。当然，也可译成“没有…就没有…就没有…就没有…”的结构，但这样用词会造成视觉上的累赘感，语势也相对减弱了。
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