首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill I. The understanding of culture A. "Software of the Mind" — traditions, values and______behav
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill I. The understanding of culture A. "Software of the Mind" — traditions, values and______behav
admin
2016-10-21
55
问题
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill
I. The understanding of culture
A. "Software of the Mind"
— traditions, values and______behaviour【T1】______
— daily life, institutions and cultural artefacts
— interesting and useful, often included in______【T2】______
B. the development of cultural______and skill【T3】______
— building______【T4】______
— the qualities needed to deal with other cultures
— how to operate successfully with people from other cultures
It is mainly needed by______.【T5】______
II. The teaching of culture in ELT
A. cultural knowledge: the knowledge of the culture’s______【T6】______
B. cultural______: such as family, hospitality, patriotism, fairness【T7】______
C. cultural behaviour: the knowledge of______and behaviour【T8】______
D. cultural skills: the development of intercultural awareness
III. The reasons for culture being the fifth language skill
A. the international role of the English language
— English is a______.【T9】______
— English is a______ needed in operating internationally.【T10】______
So English should emerge______in the school curriculum.【T11】______
B. ______【T12】______
Everybody is dealing with foreigners.
— Adults: outsourcing or email, phone and video-conferencing
— Kids:______, keypal schemes and networks like Facebook【T13】______
IV. What the fifth language skill teaches
A. the mindset and techniques to______in using【T14】______
English to accept difference in other cultures
B. an obvious______change embodied in the use of language【T15】______
V. Conclusion
【T5】
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.
You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.
(a thirty-second interval)
Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.
Culture — the Fifth Language Skill
Good morning, everyone. Today, I want to share with you my understanding of culture as the fifth language skill, in addition to listening, speaking, reading and writing. I’ll approach my topic in three aspects: the understanding of culture: the teaching of culture in ELT: and why it is considered the fifth language skill.
First of all, what do we mean by " culture" ? Many people might quote the Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede’s maxim "Software of the Mind" , the subtitle of his 2005 book Cultures and Organisations. What culture covers are the commonly held traditions, values and ways of behaving of a particular community. It includes what we used to call "British and American life and institutions" , "daily life" and also cultural artefacts, such as the arts or sports. This is all interesting and sometimes useful knowledge and it is often included in textbooks.
However, there is also another level of understanding of culture. This is how you develop cultural sensitivity and cultural skill. This covers how you build cultural awareness, what qualities you need to deal successfully with other cultures, and how to operate successfully with people from other cultures. This is often considered to be a business skill for adults, such as international sales managers or explorers. But if you think about it there is a set of skills also needed by refugee kids, " third culture kids" following their parents as they are posted around the world, and students going abroad in gap years before university or overseas study grants.
Therefore we could argue that the teaching of culture in ELT, i.e. the teaching of English to people for whom it is not the first language, should include these things:
First, cultural knowledge. I mean, the knowledge of the culture’s institutions, "the Big C" , as it’s described by Tomalin and Stempleski in their 1995 book Cultural Awareness. Second, cultural values, which are the "psyche" of the country. What people think is very important: it includes things like family, hospitality, patriotism, fairness, etc. Third, cultural behaviour, which refers to the knowledge of daily routines and behaviour. Tomalin and Stempleski describe it as "the little c". And the last one, cultural skills. They mainly embody the development of intercultural sensitivity and awareness, using the English language as the medium of interaction.
Then why should we consider the teaching of a cultural skills set as part of language teaching and why should we consider it a fifth language skill? I think there are two reasons. One is the international role of the English language and the other is globalisation.
Many now argue that the role of the English language in the curriculum is a life skill and should be taught as a core curriculum subject like maths and the mother tongue. The reason for this is the development of globalisation and the fact that to operate internationally people will need to be able to use a lingua franca. For the next twenty to thirty years at least, that language is very much likely to be English. It means that English will be a core communicative skill and will need to be taught early in the school curriculum. Many countries now introduce English at eight years old and many parents introduce their children to English at an even younger age, using "early advantage" programmes.
The second argument is globalisation itself. You could say, "We are all internationalists now." We are or will be dealing with foreigners in our community, going abroad more, dealing at a distance with foreigners through outsourcing or email, phone and video-conferencing. And this isn’t just for adults. Kids are interchanging experience and information through travel, keypal schemes and networks like Facebook. This is the time to develop the intercultural skills that will serve them in adult life.
Up until recently, I assumed that if you learned the language, you learned the culture, but actually it isn’t true. You can learn a lot of cultural features but it doesn’t teach you sensitivity and awareness or even how to behave in certain situations. What the fifth language skill teaches you is the mindset and techniques to adapt your use of English to learn about, understand and appreciate the values, ways of doing things and unique qualities of other cultures. It involves understanding how to use language to accept difference, to be flexible and tolerant of ways of doing things which might be different to yours. It is an obvious change in attitude that is expressed through the use of language.
So these are some of the big picture issues I would be delighted to exchange ideas on with you. Next time we can look in more detail at some of the "nitty gritty" operational issues that teachers and materials developers have to deal with in their daily lives. Thank you for your attention. I look forward to meeting you again.
选项
答案
international sales managers/international explorers/ refugee kids/overseas students
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/pj7O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Psycholinguisticsisthestudyofthepsychologicalprocessesinvolvedinlanguage.Psycholinguistsstudyunderstanding,produc
TheBritishoriginatedordevelopedthemodernformsandrulesofanumberofsportsEXCEPT______.
Manythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweirdandtheweirdestmaybethis:artists’onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyet
Thesenserelationshipbetween"present"and"absent"is______.
WhenIwasinmyearlyteens,Iwastakentoaspectacularshowonicebythemotherofafriend.Lookedroundattheluxuryof
Allsocialanimalscommunicatewitheachother,frombeesandantstowhalesandapes,butonlyhumanshavedevelopedthelangua
Undertheincreasingpressureofhuntingjobs,alargenumberofuniversitygraduateschoosetoattendcivilservantsexaminatio
Educationistheprocessoflearningandknowing,whichisnotrestrictedtoourschooltext-books.Itisaholisticprocessan
Necessarymeditationsontheactual,includingthemeanbread-and-cheesequestion,dissipatedthephantasmalforawhile,andco
PASSAGETHREEWhydidthecoastguardcomeouttohelptheauthor?
随机试题
电子商务
A.神经调节B.体液调节C.神经一体液调节D.自身调节E.反馈调节食物进入口腔后引起唾液腺、胃腺、胰腺分泌,属于【】
DIC病人晚期出血的原因
人体进行耐力运动时,需要补充能量物质,合理的补充方式是()。
下列几个与“孝”有关的历史典故中,出自山东的是()。
雄伟的山,苍郁的树,苔染的石壁,滴水的竹林,都在江中投入绿油油的倒影,________,就连我自己也在这闪闪的绿色之中了。填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
以往的研究表明,精子或卵子向胚胎传递的DNA被认为是父母的遗传物质向子女传递的唯一途径。最近,美国科学家指出,父母给孩子的生物遗产不仅仅是DNA序列——我们的儿女、孙辈甚至重孙辈都可能遗传一种表观遗传信息。但与DNA序列不同,它是对环境做出反应。特定污染物
简述南京临时政府司法改革的主要措施。
(2018年真题)《新唐书·刑法志》:(贞观)五年,河内人李好德坐妖言下狱,大理丞张蕴古以为好德病狂瞀,法不当坐。治书侍御史权万纪劾蕴古相州人,好德兄厚德方为相州刺史,故蕴古奏不以实。太宗怒,遽斩蕴古,既而大悔,因诏“死刑虽令即决,皆三覆(复)奏”。久之,
A、Atabakery.B、Inalibrary.C、Atarestaurant.D、Atatravelagency.C细节题。四个选项都表示地点,因此可推断是询问地点。根据男士所说“我每周去学校附近的餐馆工作三次”,选择C(在一
最新回复
(
0
)