2. 外语
  3. Memory appears to be stored in several parts of the limbic(边缘的)system of the brain, and any condition that interferes with the f

Memory appears to be stored in several parts of the limbic(边缘的)system of the brain, and any condition that interferes with the f

admin2019-06-23  99
问题     Memory appears to be stored in several parts of the limbic(边缘的)system of the brain, and any condition that interferes with the function of this system can cause amnesia. Aging is a frequent cause. As humans advance in age, the heart’s action, as well as the walls of blood vessels, change. It is thought that too little blood reaching brain cells, and sometimes the lack of certain nutrients, causes the death of small portions of the brain. Old memories and new ones are kept in different portions of the brain, and many older people can recall events that took place years before while being unable to remember what they ate at their last meal. An inability to store or learn new information may also occur with advanced age. Several degenerative(退化的)diseases of old age can cause profound amnesia. Primarily in older men, transient(暂时的)global amnesia causes severe loss of memory for minutes or hours. This is a progressive condition about which little can be done.
    Alcoholism is another leading cause of amnesia. Many heavy drinkers cannot recall the events of the time when they were intoxicated. In alcoholism of long duration, the gradual deterioration of brain cells takes place, and memory can become permanently confused. Injuries to the head often result in amnesia for the time just before and just after an accident. As the injury heals, memory gradually returns. Tumors or other growth in the brain that affect the limbic system can also cause amnesia, when treatment of the growth is successful, the amnesia is cured.
    Classic amnesia may be described as the condition of an otherwise healthy person who "wakes up" in a strange place unable to recall his name, where he came from, or where he is going. It is interesting to note that such a person, however, retains knowledge of language and social customs. This kind of amnesia is probably due to emotional stress and is called hysterical amnesia. It occurs when some event is seen as so shameful or when problems become so overwhelming that the person concerned is unable to face reality. Instead, complete amnesia develops. Hysterical amnesia is treated through psychotherapy and sometimes the administration of drugs such as sodium amobarbital, which causes a person to talk freely. Clues to the past may appear under the sedation, and the psychotherapist can use these to prod(促使)the memory of the patient.
According to the passage, the forming of amnesia is most closely related to_____.
选项 A、old age
B、use of drugs
C、damage of brain
D、lack of nutrients
答案C
解析 第1段首句提到，任何影响大脑边缘系统功能的状况都可能造成健忘症。第2段提到的引起健忘症的原因，如酒精中毒、边缘系统的脑部肿瘤，都是因为脑受损，因此本题答案为C。文中提到年龄的增长和某些营养成分缺乏是为了说明二者都会引起脑的部分组织死亡，从而导致健忘，其根源还是脑受损，故排除A、D项。B与末段提到的药物有关，但那是用于治疗健忘症的，故也排除。
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