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  3. A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. (46)The main objection to vegetarianis

A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. (46)The main objection to vegetarianis

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问题     A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. (46)The main objection to vegetarianism on a long-term basis is the difficulty of getting enough protein, the body-building element in food. If you have ever been without meat or other animal foods for some days or weeks(say, for religious reasons) you will have noticed that you tend to get physically rather weak. Proteins are built up from approximately twenty food elements called ’ amino-acids’, which are found more abundantly in animal protein than in vegetable protein. This means you have to eat a great deal more vegetable than animal food in order to get enough of these amino-acids. (47)A great deal of the vegetable food goes to waste in this process and from the physiological point of view there is not much to be said in favor of life-long vegetarianism.
    The economic side of the question, though, must be considered. Vegetable food is much cheaper than animal food. (48)However, since only a small proportion of the vegetable protein is useful for body-building purposes, a consistent vegetarian, if he is to gain the necessary 70 grams of protein a day, has to consume a greater bulk of food than his digestive organs can comfortably deal with.
    (49)Whether or not vegetarianism should be advocated for adults, it is definitely unsatisfactory for growing children, who need more protein than they can get from vegetable sources. A lacto-vegetarian diet, which includes milk and milk products such as cheese, can, how ever, be satisfactory as long as enough milk and milk products are consumed.
    Meat and cheese are the best sources of usable animal protein and next come milk, fish and eggs.
    Slow and careful cooking of meat makes it more digestible and assists in the breaking down of the protein content by the body. When cooking vegetables, however, the vitamins, and in particular the water-soluble vitamin C, should not be lost through over-cooking. With fruit, vitamin loss is negligible, because the cooking water is normally eaten along with the fruit, and acids in the fruit help to hold in the vitamin C.
    Most nutrition experts today Would recommend a balanced diet containing elements of all foods, largely because of our need for sufficient vitamins. (50)Vitamins were first called accessory food factors since it was discovered in 1906 that most foods contain, besides carbohydrates(碳水化合物), fats, minerals and water, these other substances necessary for health. The most common deficiencies in Western diets today are those of vitamins. The answer is variety in food. A well-balanced diet having sufficient amounts of milk, fruit, vegetables, eggs and meat, fish or fowl (i.e.) any good protein source usually provides adequate minimum daily requirements of all the vitamins.
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答案从长远来看，素食主义的最大缺陷就是难以从食物中摄取足量的蛋白质这一身体构造成分。
解析 本句有一个同位语，主句是The main objection is the difficulty。先采用逆序法将on a long-term basis提到句首，再用顺序法翻译，将同位语放到句中合适的位置是主要难点。body-building element可译为"身体构造成分"。
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