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  3. Military drones already fly frequent missions and civilian operations using unmanned aircraft are coming. Drivcrlcss cars are cl

Military drones already fly frequent missions and civilian operations using unmanned aircraft are coming. Drivcrlcss cars are cl

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问题     Military drones already fly frequent missions and civilian operations using unmanned aircraft are coming. Drivcrlcss cars are clocking up thousands of test miles. So why not let remote-controlled ships set sail without a crew? Indeed, the maritime industry has started to think about what would be required to launch a latter-day Marie Celeste.
    Ships, like aircraft and cars, are increasingly controlled by electronic systems, which makes automation easier. The bridges of some modern vessels are now more likely to contain computer screens and joysticks than engine telegraphs and a giant ship’s wheel. The latest supply ships serving the offshore oil and gas industry in the North Sea, for instance, use dynamic positioning systems which collect data from satellites, gyrocompasses, and wind and motion sensors to automatically hold their position when transferring cargo to and from platforms, even in the heaviest of swells.
    However, as is also the case with pilotless aircraft and driverless cars, it is not so much a technological challenge that has to be overcome before autonomous ships can set sail, but regulatory and safety concerns. As in the air and on the road, robust control systems will be needed to conform to existing regulations.
    The maritime industry is interested in crewless ships for two reasons. The first is safety. Most accidents at sea are the result of human error, just as they are in cars and planes. So, if human operators are replaced by sophisticated sensors and computer systems, autonomous vessels should, in theory, make shipping safer.
    The second reason is, of course, cost. It is becoming increasingly difficult to sign up competent crew prepared to spend months away at sea. Moreover, some voyages are likely to get even longer for ships carrying non-urgent cargo. By some accounts, a 30% reduction in speed by a bulk carrier can save around 50% in fuel. This means slower steaming could provide big savings in fuel costs, but it would be at the expense of increased expenditure on crew for these longer voyages, both in wages and for the "hotel" facilities required on board. Removing the crew, though, also removes the need for their accommodation and its associated equipment, like heating and plumbing. And that provides room to carry more cargo.
We can learn from Paragraph 4 that______.
选项 A、ships without crew will soon replace traditional ones
B、most air crashes are caused by operational mistakes
C、erewless ships are favoured just because of safety
D、human hands are more reliable than computers
答案B
解析 根据题干定位到第四段。首先，选项[A]的“无人轮船很快将取代传统轮船”文章没有提到，属于无中生有，故错误。选项[B]“大多数空难由操作失误引起”对应该段第三句：Most accidents at sea are the result of human error，just as they are in cars and planes．由此可以判断该项正确，同时结合最后一句的computer systems…make shipping safer可以判断[D]项“人为操作比电脑更可靠”错误。选项[C]“无人轮船被喜爱的原因仅仅是因为安全”与首句的The maritime industry is interested in crewless ships for two reasons．相悖。
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