首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Laughter The nature of laughter laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound it is controlled by our【
Laughter The nature of laughter laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound it is controlled by our【
admin
2022-09-09
71
问题
Laughter
The nature of laughter
laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound
it is controlled by our【L32】________
Reasons for laughter
only 10% of laughter is caused by jokes/funny stories
may have begun as sign of【L33】________after a dangerous situation
nowadays, may help to develop【L34】________within a group
connected to【L35】________(e.g. use of humour by politicians or bosses)
may be related to male/female differences (e.g. women laugh more at male speakers)
may be used in a【L36】________way to keep someone out of a group
Benefits of laughter
safe method for the【L37】________. of emotions such as anger and sadness
provides good aerobic exercise
leads to drop in levels of stress-related【L38】________
improves the【L39】________
can stop【L40】________and improve sleep
【L32】
Good afternoon, everybody… and in our second talk on social psychology, I want to look at the role of laughter in our lives — something that usually gets everyone smiling from the start.
So first of all, I’ll start by looking at the actual nature of laughter. Well, when someone laughs you’ve got movement of the muscles of the face and the chest, and you’ve got sound formed when the air’s forced out of the body as part of this process,
so we’re talking about a physical activity
. But obviously other things are involved as well and this is where it gets more complicated. Laughing isn’t something that you normally decide to do. So it’s not voluntary behaviour, like ordinary speech. Instead
it’s regulated by our instincts
rather like the singing of a bird, or the roaring of a lion. And once you start to laugh, it can be quite hard to stop as that’s not always under your conscious control either.
But why do we laugh? Because we find something funny, most of us would say. But in fact, it appears that laughter has little to do with jokes or funny stories. Only about 10 per cent of laughter is caused by things like that. One suggestion is that human laughter may have originally started out as a shared response to
signal relief at the passing of danger
. And it’s true that even these days, laughter’s rarely an activity carried out by an individual on his or her own. In fact, people are 30 times more likely to laugh when they’re with other people than when they’re completely alone. Laughter still seems to be a kind of social signal. It occurs when people are in a group and they’re comfortable with one another. And it seems likely that laughter can result in
the creation of bonds
between the people in the group.
And it’s precisely because of this social aspect of laughter that people like public speakers and politicians often try to get their audience to laugh. It encourages their listeners to trust them and to connect with them. But this kind of thing — controlling the laughter of a group, indicates that
there’s a link between laughter and power
, and this is supported by several studies that indicate that bosses use humour more than their employees. And research has also shown that female listeners are likely to laugh much more if the speaker is male, so it appears that there are gender issues associated with how much we laugh.
I should also point out that laughter
can be used as a negative signal
as well as a positive one. I think we’ve all probably seen evidence of a group using laughter to exclude someone... to emphasise that they are not accepted. So it’s not always a positive type of behaviour, either. So what all this goes to show is that laughter is a very, very complex issue.
It does appear however that laughter has definite benefits. If we look first at the psychological aspects, we know that people often tend to store negative emotions, such as anger, sadness and fear, rather than expressing them, and it seems that laughter provides
a harmless way for the release of those emotions
. But there are also clear physical effects that have been monitored too. For example, laughter is good aerobic exercise — it speeds up heart rate and respiration, and raises blood pressure; one researcher suggests that 100 laughs a day is the equivalent of 10 minutes’ jogging.
Laughter also helps prevent the stress that so many people suffer from today, which results from the faster pace of life and all that goes with it. It does this by
reducing the levels of hormones in the blood which are caused by stress
. And, in addition, it is known to increase the levels of chemicals that protect the body from infection or pain and so it helps to
boost the immune system
. One interesting study showed that people who had had surgical operations asked for fewer painkillers if they’d been viewing comic films. In fact, research has even shown that the quality of dreams can be positively affected by laughter — a good laugh 10 minutes before going to sleep can
prevent you from having bad dreams and give a much more pleasant and restorative night’s sleep
. So there’s now little argument that finding things funny and enjoying a good laugh is extremely beneficial to us all. What we need to consider now are the ways in which laughter can be used as a treatment for people who...
选项
答案
instincts
解析
笑并不是由自身决定的,它不是一个自愿的行为,不像日常的说话。它是由我们的本能(instincts)控制的。录音原文的regulated“调控”是题目controlled“控制”的同义替换。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/qnnD777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
对长度为n的线性表排序,在最坏情况下,比较次数不是n(n-1)/2的排序方法是( )。
下列给定程序中,函数fun的功能是:实现两个整数的交换。例如,给a和b分别输入60和65,输出为:a=65b=60。请改正程序中的错误,使它能得出正确的结果。注意:不要改动main函数,不得增行或删行,也不得更改程序的结构。
给定程序MODI1.C中函数fun的功能是:计算正整数num的各位上的数字之积。例如,若输入:252,则输出应该是:20。若输入:202,则输出应该是:0。请改正程序中的错误,使它能得出正确的结果。注意:不要改动maln函数,
函数fun的功能是:将a、b中的两个两位正整数合并形成一个新的整数放在c中。合并的方式是:将a中的十位和个位数依次放在变量c的千位和十位上,b中的十位和个位数依次放在变量c的个位和百位上。例如,当a=45,b=12。调用该函数后,c=
Travellingcanbeawonderfuladventure.Travellingbyairplane,however,canbeverytiring.Thefollowing【K1】________(be)s
Howcanthelistenerreachacustomerservicerepresentative?
WhatdoLeeandAnitaagreeabouttheirpresentationskillswiththeirtutor?AexcellentBacceptableCpoorPresentati
ACVBnamesofrefereesCworkpermitDrecruitmentseminarEevidenceofqualificationsFconditionsofemploymentGin
A—RelevanceofmotivationtheoriesI—TradeUnionRepresentationB—SystematicTrainingJ—ContinuousDevelopmen
TermsandConditionsofEmploymentThesetermsandconditionsshouldbereadbeforeyousignyourcontract.Salary:Yoursta
随机试题
BillGates:UnleashingthePowerofCreativityI’vealwaysbeenanoptimistsandIsupposethatisrootedinmybeliefthat
当调强束照射且射野数很多时,射野可以_____,这样可以较好地控制靶区的剂量分布
当患者失血过多时可采用贫血合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征时,可采用
小便混浊如米泔,多见于小便频、急、涩痛,多见于
男,25岁。某日突感上腹部剧痛。检查:血压130/80mmHg,脉搏110次/分,板样腹,肠鸣音消失。血红蛋白120g/L,血白细胞数8.0×109/L。以下提示病情危险的是
按照CNC装置的功能水平大致可以把数控机床分为高、中、低三档,就目前的发展水平,有无()可以作为一个区分标准。
InSeptember,morethanadozenwhalesbeachedthemselvesintheCanaryIslands.Rescuerstriedtowaterdownthewhalesandkee
下列表达式计算结果为日期类型的是( )。
行政部李强负责本公司员工档案的日常管理,以及员工每年各项基本社会保险费用的计算。按照下列要求帮助李强完成相关数据的整理、计算、统计和分析工作:在工作表“身份证校对”中按照下列规则及要求对员工的身份证号进行正误校对:①中国公民的身份证号由18位
Susanhadforgottentotakeheridentitycardintotheexamination,butitwasofno______sincenobodyaskedtoseeit.
最新回复
(
0
)