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  3. Ancient Greeks thought the brain wasn’t the basis for intellect. It was the home for the soul. They believed that the process of

Ancient Greeks thought the brain wasn’t the basis for intellect. It was the home for the soul. They believed that the process of

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问题
    Ancient Greeks thought the brain wasn’t the basis for intellect. It was the home for the soul. They believed that the process of thinking happened somewhere near lungs. The brain wasn’t seen as an organ of intellect and thought until the 17 th and 18th centuries. In order to measure intelligence, the IQ test, or the intelligence quotient test, was invented. The Standford-Binet Intelligence Scale was created in Paris in the early 1900 s. The scale was used in Alfred Binet’s efforts to educate children with learning difficulties. Those with scores less than their respective ages were considered mentally challenged. The MENS A IQ test has also become popular. A person who scores 150 or higher on this test is considered to have exceptional intelligence. More than 10,000 people take the test every year.
    Some see IQ tests as an assessment of an individual’s problem-solving skills, rather than general intelligence. For example, an individual may have high analytical intelligence that is genetic. This widely held view promoted many prejudiced ideas. Since the IQ test was created from the point of view of Europeans, people of other races scored comparatively lower.
    Research suggests that intelligence depends on culture and class. Tests given by the U. S. military showed that blacks scored lower than whites. The difference in scores was attributed to class and education levels, not genetic factors. Black children adopted into wealthier families scored significantly higher than low-income blacks. Studies have shown that children who grow in a positive learning environment score higher on the IQ tests. Having good nutrition can also affect the scores.
    A new type of IQ test has surfaced later on. It’s called the EI test, or the emotional intelligence test. The test gauges the individual’s ability to manage his or her emotions. Developed by Daniel Go-leman, the test also measures how much self-awareness an individual has. Knowledge and emotional intelligence are different, experts say. A person with high emotional intelligence is able to better understand the feelings of others. Thus, they are better maintaining various relationships. Low emotional intelligence can affect intelligence. Studies have shown that emotional intelligence is connected with memory and concentration. Individuals with low emotional intelligence have more aggressiveness and less self-control. These factors can dramatically reduce IQ scores by as much as 25 percent.
Questions 71—75
Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, with only one word for each blank.
    Since the early 1900s, scientists have attempted to gauge the intelligence of people. Alfred Binet’s intelligence scale and the MENSA IQ test have been used frequently over the past centuries in 【R1】______intelligence. Some studies suggest that the tests aren’t necessarily a flawless benchmark, arguing that it 【R2】______only a person’s problem-solving skills. Others think that intelligence is 【R3】______and it varies among races. New findings point to culture, class, education levels and environment as more important intelligence predictors 【R4】______genetics. A new test that measures the emotional intelligence, the ability to monitor one’s emotions, has emerged. Recent findings reveal that one’s emotional intelligence can affect one’s IQ test 【R5】______.
【R3】
选项
答案genetic
解析 (文章第二、三段提到智商测试中的偏见，一般黑人的测试分数都比白人的低，因此有人认为这是基因问题，故本空应填genetic。)
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本试题收录于： C类竞赛（非英语专业本科）题库大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）分类
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C类竞赛（非英语专业本科）

大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）

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