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  3. Light pollution is the glow you can see at night above cities and towns. It is a problem that has been accompanying man ever sin

Light pollution is the glow you can see at night above cities and towns. It is a problem that has been accompanying man ever sin

admin2013-06-02  42
问题     Light pollution is the glow you can see at night above cities and towns. It is a problem that has been accompanying man ever since he started his first fire some 15 000 years ago, and technology has only made it worse. Light pollution is the stray (杂乱的) light that comes from streetlights, billboard signs, buildings, parking lots, sports arenas and any other source of illumination that is reflected or directed into the atmosphere. Light pollution is made worse with air pollution, as the small particles that float in the air serve to scatter and reflect the light, compounding the problem. The effect of light pollution is to reduce the contrast, and therefore the visibility of dimmer objects in the night sky, which affects professional, as well as amateur astronomers.
    Light pollution exists on every continent except Antarctica. Urban light pollution means that one-fifth of the world’s population can no longer see the Milky Way with the naked eye. Many city kids, even if they did peer through the orange smog above their heads, would probably see only a handful of stars. We have lost our view of the stars, and we have mucked up (把......弄脏) our nighttime environment as well.
    Lots of people find the ever-brightening night annoying, and animals that are programmed to prefer the dark may avoid brightened habitat. Sea turtles can get lost searching for a beach to lay eggs, and their hatchlings (幼龟) may confuse over-lit beachfront resorts for the ocean horizon, wasting precious energy needed to find the sea and escape predators. Because their necks aren’t yet long enough to see things far away, baby turtles rely on the mirror image of the moon to guide them to the sea, to begin their new life. A car may even hit a particular turtle, which was thinking the light from a nearby city was moonlight reflecting off the ocean waves. Birds that live in and around cities can die because of sky glow, too. The abundance of bright lights can blind them, leading to countless collisions with buildings, billboards and other tall structures.
    These are merely a few of the possible negative effects light pollution has on our world. A very serious issue in our modern-day society is that light pollution is a terrible waste of energy since lighting is responsible for one-fourth of all energy consumption worldwide.
    Reducing light pollution is not difficult. Light pollution is the easiest type of pollution to end. On an individual level, people can help reduce much sky glow by using lighting only when necessary and by choosing well shielded lighting fixtures. The stars above us are a priceless heritage—not only for astronomers but for all humans. More of our children should be able to look up at night and see that the Milky Way is not just a candy bar.
What can the individuals do to reduce light pollution?
选项 A、Adjust the type of lights used.
B、Turn lights off when not needed.
C、Utilize lights of minimum intensity.
D、Redesign lighting plans.
答案B
解析 细节辨认题。定位句指出，减少光污染并不难，它是最容易消灭的污染类型。就个人而言，仅在必要时使用照明，且选择遮光性能好的照明设备，有助于减少大量的人工白昼现象。B)是对原文using lighting onlywhen necessary的同义转述。
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