首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
In a famous episode of the TV show Seinfeld, a "close talker" makes others uncomfortable by standing mere centimeters from their
In a famous episode of the TV show Seinfeld, a "close talker" makes others uncomfortable by standing mere centimeters from their
admin
2015-03-25
40
问题
In a famous episode of the TV show Seinfeld, a "close talker" makes others uncomfortable by standing mere centimeters from their faces while speaking. What makes this invasion of our personal space so uncomfortable? A new study fingers the amygdala, a region of the brain that acts like a warning bell when someone gets too close for comfort.
Psychologists have studied personal space since the 1960s. They’ve found that Americans and northern Europeans prefer a larger personal space than southern Europeans, for example, whereas people with autism(a tendency to view life in terms of one’s own needs and desires)tend to unknowingly invade others’ personal space. Studies in monkeys have hinted that the amygdala, an almond-shaped region in the middle of the brain that helps us recognize threats, plays a role in personal space. But the theory proved hard to test in humans.
Then, about 15 years ago, neuroscientists at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena met a 42-year-old woman with a rare genetic disorder that destroyed both sides of her amygdala. In early experiments, the scientists discovered that the woman, referred to as SM, couldn’t spot fear in other people’s faces; she also rated people as more trustworthy than an average person did. And she was extremely outgoing, "almost to the point where it isn’t normal," says team member Daniel Kennedy. Even if she’s only just met someone, he says, SM will invade their personal space—touching their arm as she talks or poking their stomach.
In the new study, Kennedy and his colleagues more rigorously tested SM’s sense of personal space. They compared her with 20 healthy subjects in a series of experiments. In one test, an experimenter slowly walked toward a subject until the subject felt uncomfortable and told the experimenter to stop. SM let experimenters get about twice as close as other subjects did, 0. 34 meters versus 0.64 meters, the team reports online this week in Nature Neuroscience. She even felt fine standing nose to nose with an experimenter.
Further experiments revealed why. Kennedy and his colleagues placed eight healthy subjects, one at a time, inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner, which measures brain activity. Then an experimenter stood either about 4. 5 meters away from the machine or right next to the machine’s opening. The subjects’ amygdalas lit up with significantly more activity when the stranger stood close by. "Our findings support the idea that the amygdala functions as the brakes in social interactions," Kennedy says. "If you take away the amygdala, it seems like you are less tuned to...social(behaviors)that can cause discomfort. "
The study is "a
novel
piece of research" that is the first to identify a neural(of a nerve or the nervous system)source of personal space in people, says Richard Davidson, a neuroscientist at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. "It’s also part of a growing series of studies that underscore the importance of the amygdala in human social interactions," he says.
We can learn from the new study made by Kennedy and his colleagues that SM
选项
A、has no difference to the others.
B、can afford a 0.34 meters personal distance.
C、feels uncomfortable with the 20 healthy people.
D、prefers to standing nose to nose with the others.
答案
B
解析
推理判断题。由题干关键词the new study made by Kennedy and his colleagues定位至第四段。该段第四句提及SM可接受的接近距离比其他受试者大约少一半,分别是0.34米和0.64米,由此推知,她可以接受O.34米的人际距离,[B]与之相符,故为正确答案。[A]“SM与其他人没有差异”与该段第二句相悖,故排除;该段第二句只是提及把她与20位健康的参试者进行了一系列试验对比,并未提及她和他们在一起不舒服,故排除[C];该段末句只是说她觉得站立时鼻子贴鼻子的距离也可以接受,并不意味着她偏爱这样站立,故排除[D]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/r274777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisonly6%theworld’spopulation,butAmericans(1)_____onethirdofalltheenergy(2)___
Beingagoodparentishardernowthatithaseverbeenbefore.Inpressurizedmodernlives,demandstobeafulfilledindividua
Humansareuniqueintheextenttowhichtheycanreflectonthemselvesandothers.Humansarea-bleto1,tothinkinabstract
Scientistshavelongwarnedthatsomelevelofglobalwarmingisadonedeal—dueinlargeparttoheat-trappinggreenhousegases
ThecurrentmalaisewithinZimbabwe’stourismindustrycouldbenefititslong-termdevelopmentbyforcingittoexamineitsatti
Whatistheessenceofthistext?Theselectionimpliesthat,moreoften,thevalueofaneducationaltestrestswith
Everyprofessionortrade,everyart,andeverysciencehasitstechnicalvocabulary,thefunctionof【C1】______ispartlyto【C2】_
Forhealthinsurance,theUnitedStateshastakentheroadlesstraveled.TheUnitedStatesistheonlyrichcountrywithoutuni
Advancesincomputersanddatanetworksinspirevisionsofafuture"informationeconomy"inwhicheveryonewillhave(1)_____t
Advancesincomputersanddatanetworksinspirevisionsofafuture"informationeconomy"inwhicheveryonewillhave(1)_____t
随机试题
下列疾病中属于慢性运动劳损的有
真人养脏汤与芍药汤的组成中均含有的药物是
巨幼细胞贫血是由于缺乏
在致畸试验中,判断动物有否"受孕"最有力的依据是
四神丸的功用真人养脏汤的功用
甲公司将建筑工程发包给乙公司,乙公司将其转包给丙公司,丙公司将部分工程包给由121个农民工组成的施工队。施工期间,丙公司拖欠施工队工程款达500万元之多,农民工因此踏上维权之路。丙公司以乙公司拖欠其工程款800万元为由、乙公司以甲公司拖欠其工程款1000万
探测性调研
开展项目贷款银团的特点有()。
在评价投资项目风险时,下列说法中错误的是()。
在决策支持系统中,除了数据库之外,下列哪项是不可缺少的?
最新回复
(
0
)