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  3. Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The

admin2011-03-11  29
问题     Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that【1】a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who【2】recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no【3】or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain【4】while completing a task that could【5】either reward or punishment.
【6】with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had【7】neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward.【8】, the high-risk girls showed no【9】in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in【10】past experiences to assist learning.
    The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area【11】receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time【12】information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.
    "Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed【13】reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically【14】in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression,【15】they have not yet experienced a depressive【16】," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. "【17】, longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations【18】in this study during the processing of【19】and losses are associated with the【20】onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
选项 A、personal
B、unique
C、private
D、single
答案A
解析 根据本句分析可知，其表达含义是将患病风险高、有家族病史和患病风险低、没有个人或家族病史的两组成员进行比较。and前是个人没有病史但是母亲有，因此本句是女孩们没有个人和家族病史，即[A] personal为正确答案。[B] unique强调“独一无二的”，用法举例：Each person’s finger prints are unique．每个人的指纹是独一无二的。而患抑郁症不存在是否是独一无二的问题。[C] private一般用于强调“个人隐私”，用法举例：He has a private jet．他有一架私人喷气式飞机。此处并不涉及隐私问题。[D] single意思与原文不符，用法举例：I want a single room with bath．我想要一问带浴室的单人间。  
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