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  3. Today, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all e

Today, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all e

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问题     Today, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all either started their own companies or headed a division within an existing firm. Most are under 30.
    Many of them share a tendency to think, speak and act fast. A detailed psychological study carried out recently on young business start-uppers aged over 25 revealed some common characteristics.
    The head psychologist at the University of Northumbria, Dr.Martyn Dyer-Smith, says "We found that they are opportunists. They have that entrepreneurial ability to take whatever is in front of them and turn it to their advantage. Any fool can make US $ 2 if they are in the right place at the right time; what is much harder is to actually plan their business. Originally I had a hypothesis that they planned a long time ahead, but I was wrong. What I came across was a surprisingly short planning time. They took the opportunities when they came up."
    What cannot be underestimated, though, is self-confidence.
    "There is an amazing, almost abnormal, belief in themselves and(they)go very much on intuition." Says Dyer-Smith.
    While there is no typical pattern to what puts someone in the fast lane, there are some common threads: living up to the expectations of parents, channeling excessive amounts of energy into business, or finding a way to overcome personal barriers such as dyslexia(a reading disability)or learning difficulties, for example.
    The biggest surprise was the lack of young women. This was particularly unexpected, given the recent publicity about how girls are performing better than boys at school and becoming more confident and ambitious.
    But young women are opting for more secure careers rather than gambling with their future. With only a handful of female role models, some girls are not even considering being their own boss, let alone working on a concept fresh out of school, according to Dr. Susan Vinnicombe, director of the Center for the Development of Women Business Leader. "Women are going more into the corporate structure and doing well there. But perhaps the reason that they are not doing business for themselves at an earlier age is because women’s attitudes are different. They perceive risk in a different way to men, who are not worried about borrowing huge amounts of money if it’s going to help their business in the long term. Women are more cautious and more hesitant," she says.
    Vinnicombe sees the lack of female entrepreneurs as part of a larger problem about women and the IT industry. Given that the computer world is one of the key areas for growth, where youth is an asset, it is " remarkable" that so many women are missing out on it.
    "The number of women in IT has actually dropped in the past 10 years. There is a real problem with attracting them to the IT industry, as girls don’t seem to want to do it at university. It’s become such a worrying issue that I know the government is looking into ways to attract them."
What is suggested as a reason for the shortage of businesswomen?
选项 A、Girls do not perform so well as boys at school.
B、Most companies are reluctant to employ women.
C、Banks often refuse to give women large loans.
D、Women are very worried about the risk-taking in their careers.
答案D
解析 本题的四个选项中，只有D项为正确答案。这可从文中的“they perceive risk in a different way tomen…women are more cautious and more hesitant”推知，即女性本身对冒风险既担忧又犹豫。
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